1. Briefly distinguish between the following: a) Spontaneous and Reversible processes b) Entropy and Energy c) Work and Heat at the macroscopic level

Q: Which of the following statements is true?         (A) The total energy and entropy of the universe…

A: Correct answer is (B) The total energy of the universe is constant, but the entropy is increasing.…

Q: Entropy always increases as

A: Entropy always increases as ?

Q: State the First Law of Thermodynamics. Cite at least oneexample that applies to the First Law of…

A: The first law of thermodynamics: If the amount of heat provided to a system is proficient of doing…

Q: Define the following terms:a. workb. exothermic reactionc. endothermic reactiond. isothermic…

A: "Since there are multiple sub-parts in this question and it is not mentioned that which one has to…

Q: Which of the following is true about the total entropy of the universe? A) It is always increasing…

A: Which of the statement is true about total entropy of the universe ?

Q: What is a spontaneous process?

A: Spontaneous process is a irreversible process

Q: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. (a) The entropy of the universe increases for any…

A: (a) The spontaneous process is a process that starts on its own without any external effort.…

Q: 47. What is always true for any spontaneous reaction?

A: A spontaneous reaction is a reaction that favors product formation under the conditions reaction is…

Q: a spontaneous process increass the entropy of ? the system the surroundings  the universe  None…

A: Answer is option (c) entropy of the universe increase

Q: The rusting of iron is spontaneous and is accompanied by a decrease in the entropy of the system…

A:

Q: When does a spontaneous process occur?

A: To explain when does a spontaneous process occurs.

Q: When work is done on a system (+ΔG) to bring it into an ordered state (-ΔS), of the following is…

A: In this question, we have to find out the correct answer of given problem by the help of "Gibbs free…

Q: Select the statements below that are false, and then think about why they are not true. A chemical…

A: Answer - a) a) when products are lower in energy than the reactants - the reaction is spontaneous.…

Q: Ammonium nitrate dissolves spontaneously and endothermically in the water at room temperature. What…

A: The Gibb’s free energy expression is as follows, Here, ∆G is Gibb's free energy, ∆H is the enthalpy…

Q: the Laws of Thermodynamics, then explain in detail which law Entropy and Enthalpy would apply to.…

A: Thermodynamics is study of flow of heat. It consists of three laws which are as follows: 1st law of…

Q: The third law of thermodynamics is defined as     a. the combined mass and energy of the universe…

A: -> at absolute (0K) temperature all the modes of motion stops (no vibration , no translation and…

Q: explain the laws of thermodynamics, including the first, the second, and the third law of…

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of science that deals with the heat and other forms of energy like…

Q: What can be said about an endothermic reaction with a negative entropy change? • View Available…

A: According to the thermodynamic of reaction, the change in Gibbs energy should be negative for…

Q: Read the descriptions of physical or chemical changes in the table below. Then decide whether the…

A: Spontaneous reaction : A reaction is called spontaneous, if the product formation occurs in a given…

Q: All things trend toward disorder. When cups of hot milk are left on the table for a long period of…

A: The second law of thermodynamics : The second law of thermodynamics helps us to determine the…

Q: Which of the following is a correct statement about the second law of thermodynamics? O All…

A: To define: The second law of thermodynamics.

Q: 9. For any substance, the only case entropy has a zero value, when *

A: The third law of thermodynamics :  The law states that the entropy of a purely and perfectly crystal…

Q: What do standard states have to do with free-energy changes?

A: Standard state is like the reference state of the substance, the phase of the substance usually…

Q: What can be said about an exothermic reaction with a negative entropy change? • View Available…

A: We know that a process will be spontaneous if ∆G is negative.  Also, ∆G = ∆H - T∆S  where, ∆G =…

Q: process and the concept of thermodynamics in the following photo of the refrigerator.

A: concept of thermodynamics in refrigerators, air conditioners and  heat pumps. the concept involved…

Q: Which of the following definitions correlate to the term spontaneous change? O Possible…

A: Spontaneous process: A spontaneous process is a process which occurs without any external input to…

Q: The second law of thermodynamics states that if the change in S in the universe is greater than 0,…

A: Second Law of thermodynamics based on a parameter of chemical reaction termed as entropy Sign of…

Q: Do you need to specify the temperature to calculate the entropy change? Explain.

A: Entropy is the measure of randomness or chaoticness . With increasing in the randomness or…

Q: State the first law of thermodynamics in terms of (a) the en-ergy of the universe; (b) the creation…

A: (a) According to first law of thermodynamics, the energy of the universe is constant. Because the…

Q: ll things trend toward disorder. When cups of hot milk are left on the table for long period of time…

A: Statement for 2nd law of Thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics does not tell that heat energy…

Q: TRUE OR FASLE Entropy increases from solid to liquid to gas

A: Entropy represents degree of disorder or randomness.

Q: Laws

A:

Q: according to the second law of thermodynamics which of the following statement is true for a…

A: Entropy term is the measure of disorder/randomness. According to second law of thermodynamics system…

Q: Please answer question A and B.

A: a) For a spontaneous process, entropy of the universe always increases. This is because the Sun, and…

Q: if the enthalpy change is negative and the entropy change is positive this reaction would be

A:

Q: How does the entropy of the surroundings change duringan exothermic reaction? An endothermic…

A: Entropy of surrounding will increase during an exothermic reaction because heat is absorbed by…

Q: What tends to naturally happen to the level of entropy in a system? A. become zero B decrease…

A: Entropy is the measurements of randomness.

Q: (a) What is a spontaneous process? Explain, with a simple quantitative example, why the flow of heat…

A: a.  A spontaneous process is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and it…

Q: Without consulting Appendix B, arrange each group in or-der of increasingstandard molar entropy…

A: (a) Diamond has an ordered three dimensional crystalline shape, followed by graphite with an ordered…

Q: Consider entropy and its role in determining if chemical and physical processes are spontaneous.…

A: The entropy change shows the "increment or decrement" in randomness. During melting, the phase…

Q: Determine if liquid water will spontaneously freeze at -10.00°C? Is it spontaneous at +10.00°C? What…

A: The process of conversion of ice into water is known as melting. The temperature at which this…

Q: entropy increases (ΔS = +)

A:

Q: a decrease in the entropy of the system?

A:

Q: Water can be decomposed to form hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen and oxygen can be recombined…

A: The decomposition reaction of water is,

Q: What do you mean by the term "Entropy?" How can use the entropy to explain spontaneous process? If…

A: Entropy is a thermodynamical term, which is thermodynamical state function, it measures the…