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- In all of the exercises involving variances, use F and U to designate favorable and unfavorable variances, respectively. E8-1 through E8-5 use the following data: The standard operating capacity of Tecate Manufacturing Co. is 1,000 units. A detailed study of the manufacturing data relating to the standard production cost of one product revealed the following: 1. Two pounds of materials are needed to produce one unit. 2. Standard unit cost of materials is 8 per pound. 3. It takes one hour of labor to produce one unit. 4. Standard labor rate is 10 per hour. 5. Standard overhead (all variable) for this volume is 4,000. Each case in E8-1 through E8-5 requires the following: a. Set up a standard cost summary showing the standard unit cost. b. Analyze the variances for materials and labor. c. Make journal entries to record the transfer to Work in Process of: 1. Materials costs 2. Labor costs 3. Overhead costs (When making these entries, include the variances.) d. Prepare the journal entry to record the transfer of costs to the finished goods account. Standard unit cost; variance analysis; journal entries 1,000 units were started and finished. Case 1: All prices and quantities for the cost elements are standard, except for materials cost, which is 8.50 per pound. Case 2: All prices and quantities for the cost elements are standard, except that 1,900 lb of materials were used.Refer to Cornerstone Exercise 8.13. In March, Nashler Company produced 163,200 units and had the following actual costs: Required: 1. Prepare a performance report for Nashler Company comparing actual costs with the flexible budget for actual units produced. 2. What if Nashler Companys actual direct materials cost were 1,175,040? How would that affect the variance for direct materials? The total cost variance?At the beginning of the year, Lopez Company had the following standard cost sheet for one of its chemical products: Lopez computes its overhead rates using practical volume, which is 80,000 units. The actual results for the year are as follows: (a) Units produced: 79,600; (b) Direct labor: 158,900 hours at 18.10; (c) FOH: 831,000; and (d) VOH: 112,400. Required: 1. Compute the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. 2. Compute the fixed overhead spending and volume variances.
- H.J. Heinz Company uses standards to control its materials costs. Assume that a batch of ketchup (7,650 pounds) has the following standards: The actual materials in a batch may vary from the standard due to tomato characteristics. Assume that the actual quantities of materials for batch 08-99 were as follows: a.Determine the standard unit materials cost per pound for a standard batch. b.Determine the direct materials quantity variance for batch 08-99.Carlo Lee Corp. has established the following standard cost per unit: Although 10,000 units were budgeted, only 8,800 units were produced. The purchasing department bought 55,000 lb of materials at a cost of $123,750. Actual pounds of materials used were 54,305. Direct labor cost was $186,550 for 18,200 hours worked. Required: Make journal entries to record the materials transactions, assuming that the materials price variance was recorded at the time of purchase. Make journal entries to record the labor variances.Recompute the variances from the second Acme Inc. exercise using $0.0725 as the standard cost of the material and $14 as the standard labor cost per hour. How has your explanation of the variances changed?
- The management of Golding Company has determined that the cost to investigate a variance produced by its standard cost system ranges from 2,000 to 3,000. If a problem is discovered, the average benefit from taking corrective action usually outweighs the cost of investigation. Past experience from the investigation of variances has revealed that corrective action is rarely needed for deviations within 8% of the standard cost. Golding produces a single product, which has the following standards for materials and labor: Actual production for the past 3 months follows, with the associated actual usage and costs for materials and labor. There were no beginning or ending raw materials inventories. Required: 1. What upper and lower control limits would you use for materials variances? For labor variances? 2. Compute the materials and labor variances for April, May, and June. Identify those that would require investigation by comparing each variance to the amount of the limit computed in Requirement 1. Compute the actual percentage deviation from standard. Round all unit costs to four decimal places. Round variances to the nearest dollar. Round variance rates to three decimal places so that percentages will show to one decimal place. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Let the horizontal axis be time and the vertical axis be variances measured as a percentage deviation from standard. Draw horizontal lines that identify upper and lower control limits. Plot the labor and material variances for April, May, and June. Prepare a separate graph for each type of variance. Explain how you would use these graphs (called control charts) to assist your analysis of variances.Direct materials and direct labor variance analysis Lenni Clothing Co. manufactures clothing in a small manufacturing facility. Manufacturing has 25 employees. Each employee presently provides 40 hours of productive labor per week. Information about a production week is as follows: Instructions Determine (A) the standard cost per unit for direct materials and direct labor; (B) the price variance, quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; and (C) the rate variance, time variance, and total direct labor cost variance.Eagle Inc. uses a standard cost system. During the most recent period, the company manufactured 115,000 units. The standard cost sheet indicates that the standard direct labor cost per unit is $1.50. The performance report for the period includes an unfavorable direct labor rate variance of $3,700 and a favorable direct labor time variance of $10,275. What was the total actual cost of direct labor incurred during the period?
- The standard specifications for an electric motor manufactured by XYZ Electric Co. follow: Factory overhead rates are based on a normal 70% capacity and use the following flexible budget: The actual production was 2,500 motors, and factory overhead costs totaled $29,750. Required: Calculate the factory overhead variances using the two-variance method and the diagram format.Delano Company uses two types of direct labor for the manufacturing of its products: fabricating and assembly. Delano has developed the following standard mix for direct labor, where output is measured in number of circuit boards. During the second week in April, Delano produced the following results: Required: 1. Calculate the yield ratio. 2. Calculate the standard cost per unit of the yield. 3. Calculate the direct labor yield variance. 4. Calculate the direct labor mix variance.Botella Company produces plastic bottles. The unit for costing purposes is a case of 18 bottles. The following standards for producing one case of bottles have been established: During December, 78,000 pounds of materials were purchased and used in production. There were 15,000 cases produced, with the following actual prime costs: Required: 1. Compute the materials variances. 2. Compute the labor variances. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What are the advantages and disadvantages that can result from the use of a standard costing system?