1. Discuss what factors shift the LRAS curve to the right (what increases long run aggregate supply). 2. Explain the following shifts by using the LRAS-AD diagram : a) Increase in both equilibrium real GDP and price level. b) A decrease in equilibrium real GDP and an increase in price level.
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- The short run aggregate supply curve was constructed assuming that as the price of outputs increases, the puce of inputs stays the same. How would an increase in the prices of important inputs, like energy, affect aggregate supply?Suppose Mexico, one of our largest trading partners and purchaser of a large quantity of our exports, goes into a recession. Use the AD/AS model to determine the likely impact on our equilibrium GDP and price level.Suppose concerns about the size of the federal budget deficit lead the U.S. Congress to cut all funding for research and development for ten years. Assuming this has an impact on technology growth, what does the AD/AS model predict would be the likely effect on equilibrium GDP and the price level?
- Assume an economy operates in the intermediaterange of its aggregate supply curve. State thedirection of shift for the aggregate demandor aggregate supply curve for each of thefollowing changes in conditions. What is theeffect on the price level? On real GDP? Onemployment?a. The price of crude oil rises significantly.b. Spending on national defense doubles.c. The costs of imported goods increase.d. An improvement in technology raises laborproductivity.Review the problem in the Work It Out titled"Interpreting the AD/AS Model." Like the informationprovided in that feature, Table 24.2 shows informationon aggregate supply, aggregate demand, and the pricelevel for the imaginary country of Xurbia. a. Plot the AD/AS diagram from the data. Identifythe equilibrium.b. Imagine that, as a result of a government taxcut, aggregate demand becomes higher by 50 atevery price level. Identify the new equilibrium.c. How will the new equilibrium alter output? Howwill it alter the price level? What do you thinkwill happen to employment?Q. 2 The outbreak of COVID-19 has had a significant impact on the economy. Let’s assume a COVID shock that leads to lockdown, and we start from the medium equilibrium output level, Yn. Please explain the impacts of the pandemic and lockdown on the economy using the ASAD framework. a) Show the impacts of the pandemic and lockdown on the economy in the short run by drawing the diagram of AS-AD model
- For each of the three theories for the upward slopeof the short-run aggregate-supply curve, carefullyexplain the following:a. how the economy recovers from a recession andreturns to its long-run equilibrium without anypolicy interventionb. what determines the speed of that recoveryFor each situation below, analyse whether it shifts the aggregate demand (AD) curve, the aggregate-supply (AS) curve, both, or neither. Then, if it does shift a curve, construct the AD-AS diagram to show the effect on the economy in the long-run. a) One extraordinary impact of COVID-19 pandemic to the U.S. economy is a massive increase in saving. U.S. recorded nearly tripled saving over the first two quarters of 2020, from $1.59 trillion annualized in the first quarter to $4.69 trillion in the second, which is by far the biggest increase in modern history. b) The prolonged monsoon rain has caused the production of vegetables in Cameron Highlands fell by about 30%. It has severely impacted a lot of crops, including fruits and flowers. Besides, labor shortages due to the pandemic makes the matters worse.3. Explain the determinants of the aggregate supply (AS) and describe how the AS curvewill shift when one of these determinants changes. 4. Using an AD-AS diagram, explain what happens if personal income taxes increase. 5. Explain what will happen to an AD-AS diagram, if there is a decrease in input prices.
- The imaginary country of Harris Island has theaggregate supply and aggregate demand curves as Table24.3 shows. a. Plot the AD/AS diagram. Identify theequilibrium.b. Would you expect unemployment in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?c. Would you expect concern about inflation in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?d. Imagine that consumers begin to lose confidenceabout the state of the economy, and so ADbecomes lower by 275 at every price level.Identify the new aggregate equilibrium.e. How will the shift in AD affect the originaloutput, price level, and employment?If price level is held constant and we decrease consumption, the aggregate demand curve will shift to theSelect one:O a. NortheastO b. SouthwestO cc Neither A nor BUse the Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Model below to answer thequestions that follow Examine the influence of government expenditure on investment in a nation.Use Jot Inc. Ltd a multinational construction company in which you are theChief Exec of the firm that that is highly diversified and receives funds toconstruct highways and other government-funded projects. Also, explain thefactors that cause the Aggregate Demand curve to be downward sloping leftto right