1. Expected inflation can be estimated as the return on a TIPS bond the return on a Treasury bond the return on a TIPS bond minus the return on a Treasury bond the return on a Treasury bond minus the return on a TIPS bond
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- Given the federal budget deficit in recent years, some economists have argued mat by adjusting Social Security payments for inflation using me CPI, Social Security is warming recipients. What is their argument, and do you agree or disagree with it?A fixed-rate mortgage has the same interest rate over the life of the loan, whether the mortgage is for 15 or 30 years. By contrast, an adjustable-rate mortgage changes with market interest rates over the life of the mortgage. If inflation falls unexpectedly by 3, what would likely happen to a homeowner with an adjustable-rate mortgage?a) Assume that the nominal return on U.S. government T-bills was 10% during 2002, when the rate of inflation was 6%. The real risk-free rate of return on theseT-bills was: b) When individuals believe they have sufficient income and assets to cover their expenses while maintaining a reserve for uncertainties, they are most likely in the phase of the investment life cycle. gifting B. consolidation C. accumulation D. spending c) Find the duration of a 3-year bond with annual coupon payments of $80 and a par value of $1,000. The current market price of the bond is $950.25. If the YTM of the bond dropped by 1%, what would happen to the bond price?
- Assuming a tax rate of 40 percent, compute thebefore-tax real interest rate and the after-tax realinterest rate for each of the following cases.a. The nominal interest rate is 10 percent, and theinflation rate is 5 percent.b. The nominal interest rate is 6 percent, and theinflation rate is 2 percent.c. The nominal interest rate is 4 percent, and theinflation rate is 1 percent.The purchasing power (real value of money) decreases if inflation is present in the economy. For example, the purchasing power of $33,000 after t years of 8% inflation is given by the model P=33,000e−0.08t dollars. How long will it take for the value of a $33,000 pension to have a purchasing power of $16,500 under 8% inflation?Under a credible system offixed nominal exchangerates...A.The Central Bank can adjustthe interest rate as it deemsappropriate for smoothingdomestic outputfluctuationsB.Domestic inflation will beapproximately equal to theinflation rate of the countryto which the domesticcurrency is peggedC.Public debt can bemonetised, i.e. viagovernment bonds boughtby the Central Bank againstnewly created moneyD.All of these optionsE.None of these options
- Currently, the general price level is 150.00 and people expect it to increase to 156.00 next year. Therefore, the expected rate of inflation equals 4.00 percent. Moreover, there is a one-year bond that promises to pay $107,000.00 next year and is selling for $100,000.00 in the bond market today. So, the nominal interest rate equals 7.00 percent, and the ex-ante real interest rate on this bond equals 3.00 percent. Because of some news, people revise their expectations of the future price level to 159.00. According to the Fisher Effect, the price of the bond today will change to _____ dollars.If an economy always has inflation of 10 percent peryear, which of the following costs of inflation will itNOT suffer?a. shoeleather costs from reduced holdings of moneyb. menu costs from more frequent price adjustmentc. distortions from the taxation of nominal capitalgainsd. arbitrary redistributions between debtors andcreditorsContingent Liabilities When you take out an ordinary student loan, it is usually the case thatwhoever holds that loan is given a guarantee by the U.S. government, meaning that thegovernment will make up any payments you skip. This is just one example of the many loanguarantees made by the U.S. government. Such guarantees don’t show up in calculations ofgovernment spending or in official deficit figures. Why not? Should they show up?
- A new factory in a small town has an annual payroll of $6 million. It is expected that 60% of this moneywill be spend on the town will by factory personnel. The people in the town who receive this money areexpected to spend 60% of what they receive in the town, and so on.(a) What is the total of all this spending (called the “total economic impact”) of the factory on the towneach year?(b) How much additional spending will be generated by a 10 million dollar tax rebate if 60% of allincome is spent?14. If the expected inflation rate is 5% and negotiators agree that the real wages should rise by 7%, the two sideswill agree to an increase in the money wage ofA 2%B 5 %C 7 %D 12%1. Suppose you’ll have an annual nominal income of $40,000 for each of the next 3 years, and theinflation rate is 5 percent per year. a. Find the real value of your $40,000 salary for each of the next 3 years. b. Suppose you have a COLA (Cost of Living Adjustment) of 5 percent per year in yourcontract, which raises your $40,000 salary by 5 percent for each of the next 3 years. Giventhe 5 percent inflation rate for each of those 3 years, what is the real value of your salary foreach year?