1. Fire hoses used in major structure fires have inside diameters of 6.4 cm. Suppose such a hosecarries a flow of 40 L/s starting at a gauge pressure of 1.62 x 10°N/m². The hose goes 10 mup a ladder to a nozzle having an inside diameter of 3 cm. Assume negligible resistance,density of water is 1000 kg/m³, and atmospheric pressure = 1.013×105 Pa.Using the flow rate(a) Calculate the velocity at the start of the hose.✔m/sV start(b) Calculate the velocity at the nozzle.m/sV nozzle=(c) Calculate the gauge pressure at the nozzle, Pnozzle IfPnozzlePnozzleP.atm<3%, then enter Pnozzle= 0,<3%, then we are going to assume that theatmelse enter the calculated value. Ifabsolute pressure at the nozzle is approximately equal to the atmospheric pressure, makingthe gauge pressure almost zero when compared to the atmospheric pressure.Pnozzle✔Pa

a) 12.4m/sb) 56.6m/sc)0Explanation:Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Answered: 1. Fire hoses used in major structure…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305116399

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter14: Fluid Mechanics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14.7OQ

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Liquid toxic waste with a density of 1752 kg/m3 is flowing through a section of pipe with a radius of 0.312 m at a velocity of 1.64 m/s. a. What is the velocity of the waste after it goes through a constriction and enters a second section of pipe with a radius of 0.222 m? b. If the waste is under a pressure of 850,000 Pa in the first section of pipe, what is the pressure in the second (constricted) section of pipe?
(a) What is the pressure drop due to the Bernoulli effect as water goes into a 3.00-cm-diameter nozzle from a 9.00-cm-diameter fire hose while carrying a flow of 40.0 L/S? (b) To what maximum height above the nozzle can this water rise? (The actual height will be significantly smaller due to air resistance.)
An airplane is cruising al altitude 10 km. The pressure outside the craft is 0.287 atm; within the passenger compartment, the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 20C. A small leak occurs in one of the window seals in the passenger compartment. Model the air as an ideal fluid to estimate the speed of the airstream flowing through the leak.
An oil gusher shoots crude oil 25.0 m into the air through a pipe with a 0.100-m diameter. Neglecting air resistance but not the resistance of the pipe, and assuming laminar flow, calculate the gauge pressure at the entrance of the 50.0-m-long vertical pipe. Take the density of the oil to be 900 kg/m3 and its viscosity to be 1.00 (N/m2) s (or 1.00 Pa s). Note that you must take into account the pressure due to the 50.0-m column of oil in the pipe.
How tall must a water-filled manometer be to measure blood pressures as high as 300 mm Hg?
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The human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of mm of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have nearly the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height lo which the fluid rises is observed, as shown in Figure P9.83. If the fluid ruses to a height of 160. mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160. mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Sometimes it is necessary to determine whether an accident victim has suffered a crushed vertebra that is blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal column. In other cases, a physician may suspect that a tumor or other growth is blocking the spinal column and inhibiting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Such conditions ran be investigated by means of the Queckensted test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed lo make the blood pressure rise in the brain. The increase in pressure in the blood vessels is transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. What should be the normal effect on the height of the fluid in the spinal tap? (c) Suppose compressing the veins had no effect on the level of the fluid. What might account for this phenomenon?
A negative pressure of 25.0 atm can sometimes be achieved with the device in Figure 11.44 before the water separates. (a) To what height could such a negative gauge pressure raise water? (b) How much would a steel wire of the same diameter and length as this capillary stretch if suspended from above? Figure 11.44 (a) When the piston is raised, it stretches the liquid slightly, putting it under tension and creating a negative absolute pressure P=F/A (b) The liquid eventually separates, giving an experimental limit to negative pressure in this liquid.
A U-tube open at both ends is partially filled with water (Fig. P15.67a). Oil having a density 750 kg/m3 is then poured into the right arm and forms a column L = 5.00 cm high (Fig. P15.67b). (a) Determine the difference h in the heights of the two liquid surfaces. (b) The right arm is then shielded from any air motion while air is blown across the top of the left arm until the surfaces of the two liquids are at the same height (Fig. P15.67c). Determine the speed of the air being blown across the left arm. Take the density of air as constant at 1.20 kg/m3.
(a) Verify that a 19.0% decrease in laminar flow through a tube is caused by a 5.00% decrease in radius, assuming that all other factors remain constant, as stated in the text. (b) What increase in flow is obtained from a 5.00% increase in radius, again assuming all other factors remain constant?
Considering the magnitude of typical arterial blood pressures, why are mercury rather than water manometers used for these measurements?
A submarine is stranded on the bottom of the ocean with its hatch 25.0 m below the surface. Calculate the force needed to open the hatch from the inside, given it is circular and 0.450 m in diameter. Air pressure inside the submarine is 1.00 atm.

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