1. Prove or Disprove: For any set A, there exists a relation R on A such that R is both symmetric and antisymmetric.

Q: 1. Given a relation R on a set A, prove that if R is transitive, then so is R-

A: Transitive means aRb and bRc then aRc

Q: Given a relation R on a set A, prove that if R is transitive, then so is R-1.

A: Suppose A be any set and R is relation defined on A. Then R is transitive if whenever (a,b)∈R and…

Q: The relation R defined on a set A is antisymmetric if (a, b) ER = (b, a) E R for (A) Every (a, b) ER…

A: A relation R is said to be antisymmetric if (a,b)∈R and (b,a)∈R implies a=b

Q: Let R be the relation defined on P({1,., 100}) by ARB if and only if |AU B| is even. Is R reflexive?…

A: Given:  R is a relation defined on P 1, 2, … , 100 by A R B  if and only if A ∪ B is even. We have…

Q: 1. if R and T are anti-symmetric relations on a set A then (R U T) is anti-symmetric relation on

A:

Q: Prove the understated statements concerning the relation < on the set Z of all integers . If    x…

A: x = y  and     O < z

Q: Let A={a,b,c,d,e}. Find a relation R on A which is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive

A: Reflexive relation means every term of a set is related with itself

Q: 1. Show that which of these relations on the set of all functions on Z→Z are equivalence relations?…

A:

Q: A map f:x-y is said to be an open map if for every open set U of X, the set f(u) is open in Y. Show…

A: Given, a map f: X→Y is said to be an open map if for every open set U of X, the set f(U) is open in…

Q: If a relation R on a set A is antisymmetric, then R is not symmetric.

A: To determine whether the given statement is true or false.

Q: Let R be a relation defined on P(Z) defined by (A, B) E R if and only if AN B + Ø. Prove or disprove…

A:

Q: A = Z*; a R b if and only if |a – b| < 2.

A:

Q: Consider a relation ~ on the set Z such that x~y if and only if x + y is even. The relation ~ is…

A:

Q: 4. Suppose Rand S are symmetric relations on a set A. Prove that RoS is symmetric iff Ro S = So R.…

A: Suppose R∘S is symmetric Let s, r∈S∘R ⇔r, s∈R∘S⇔s, r∈R∘S ( since R∘S is symmetric)  So, R∘S=S∘R

Q: Let R = { ( a,b ) | a,b ∈ Q and a − b ∈ Z } . Prove that R is an equivalence relation on Q

A:

Q: Let P be a partition of the nonempty set A. For x, y E A, define xQy if and only if there exists CEP…

A:

Q: Let E be the set of all positive even integers. Prove that E is countably infinite by defining a map…

A:

Q: Prove the understated statements concerning the relation &lt; on the set Z of all integers . If x…

A:

Q: 4. Let X be any finite set and define the relation R on P(X) by R= {(E,F)||E| = |F\, E, F € P(X)}.

A:

Q: Give an example of a nonempty relation R on A = {1, 2, 3, 4} which is a. symmetric and transitive…

A:

Q: 3. Given a relation R on a set A, prove that if R is transitive, then so is R-1.

A: We are given  that R is a transitive relation on a set A  Transitive Relation  A relation on a set X…

Q: Let X = R. Define an equivalence relation ~ on X by x ~ y if %3D and only if x – y is an integer.…

A: Let X, ?X be a topological space, and let ~ be an equivalence relation on X. The quotient set,…

Q: Let ≥ be a relation defined on sets A and B by A ≥ B iff there exists a surjective function f : A →…

A:

Q: A relation R defined on the given set A will satisfy

A:

Q: Suppose f, g, and h are all mappings of a set A into itself. a. Prove that if g is onto andf 0 g = h…

A: Given that, f,g and h are all mappings of a set A into itself. If g is onto and f∘g=h∘g  To prove…

Q: Prove or disprove: for any set A, there exists a relation R on A such that R is both symmetric and…

A: Let  A be any we define a relation R on A s.t

Q: 2. Consider the relation on the natural numbers N defined as follows: for all x, y e N, xRy if and…

A: According to question,We have to discuss about reflexive, symmetric, transitive relation.

Q: 1. Determine whether the relation R on set Z (set of integer number) is reflexive, irreflexive,…

A: We determine whether the relation R on the set Z is reflexive, irreflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric…

Q: 1. Suppose R and S are symmetric relations on a set A. Prove that Ros is symmetric if Ros=SOR

A: Given:  To prove R and S are symmetric relations.

Q: Problem 17. (a) Prove that <r is a reflexive, transitive relation on P(E*). (b) Prove that =r is an…

A:

Q: (d) There exists a relation U on A so that U is symmetric and antisymmetric, but U is not…

A:

Q: Let X be the set of all subsets of ℤ . Define a relation R on X as follows: Given two subsets of…

A:

Q: Let R be a relation from A to B and S a relation from B to A. Prove or disprove that if S of R =…

A:

Q: 1. if R and T are anti-symmetric relations on a set A then (R U T) is anti-symmetric relation on А.

A:

Q: Let R be the relation defined on P({1,., 100}) by ARB if and only if |AU B| is even. s R reflexive?…

A: We will check one by one what properties R satisfies and which not.

Q: A relation R is defined on Z by xRy if x*y >= 0. Prove or disprove the following: a. R is…

A: Let us consider the given relation R on set X. R is said to be reflexive for any x in X, x R x. R…

Q: Let R be a relation from A to B and S a relation from B to A. Prove or disprove that if S of R =…

A:

Q: Let A be a nonempty set and let P be a partition of A. Define a relation R (corresponding to P) on A…

A: Given, A=1,2,3 We can write the above set as, 1,2,3×1,2,3=1,1,,1,2,1,3,2,1,2,2,2,3,3,1,3,2,3,3

Q: Let G={(m,n)∣m,n∈N x N and gcd(m,n)=1}, and define the relation q on G according to (a,b) q…

A: A totally ordered set is a set G together with a relation ≤ that satisfies the following conditions.…

Q: 5. Prove or disprove: for any set A, there exists a relation R on A such that R is both symmetric…

A: Symmetric : If aRb , then bRa , for every a , b∈A Antisymmetric : If aRb and bRa , then a=b

Q: Let R be a relation defined on Z by xRy if and only if x-y=7k for kez. The equivalence class of [5]…

A: Given relation is xRy iff x-y=7k So, equivalence class of 5 will contain ....-9, -2, 5, 12, 19,....…

Q: Define a relation on the set {a, b, c, d} that is (a) irreflexive and transitive, but not symmetric.…

A:

Q: Define a relation T on R as follows: for all x and y in R, x T y if and only if x2=y2. (a) Prove…

A: Given that a relation T on R such that for all x and y in R, xTy if and only if x2=y2 (a) We have to…

Q: 18. Let R be the relation on R defined by xRy → x – y is an integer. Prove that R is an equivalence…

A:

Q: Define a relation on Z by setting xRy if xy is even. a. Give a counterexample to show that R is not…

A:

Q: Let E be the set of all positive even integers. Prove that E is countably infinite by defining a map…

A:

Q: Prove the understated statements concerning the relation &lt; on the set Z of all integers .   If O…

A: Prove the understated statements concerning the relation &lt; on the set Z of all integers .   If O…

Family of Curves

A family of curves is a group of curves that are each described by a parametrization in which one or more variables are parameters. In general, the parameters have more complexity on the assembly of the curve than an ordinary linear transformation. These families appear commonly in the solution of differential equations. When a constant of integration is added, it is normally modified algebraically until it no longer replicates a plain linear transformation. The order of a differential equation depends on how many uncertain variables appear in the corresponding curve. The order of the differential equation acquired is two if two unknown variables exist in an equation belonging to this family.

XZ Plane

In order to understand XZ plane, it's helpful to understand two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces. To plot a point on a plane, two numbers are needed, and these two numbers in the plane can be represented as an ordered pair (a,b) where a and b are real numbers and a is the horizontal coordinate and b is the vertical coordinate. This type of plane is called two-dimensional and it contains two perpendicular axes, the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis.  

Euclidean Geometry

Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals with flat surfaces like lines, angles, points, two-dimensional figures, etc. In Euclidean geometry, one studies the geometrical shapes that rely on different theorems and axioms. This (pure mathematics) geometry was introduced by the Greek mathematician Euclid, and that is why it is called Euclidean geometry. Euclid explained this in his book named 'elements'. Euclid's method in Euclidean geometry involves handling a small group of innately captivate axioms and incorporating many of these other propositions. The elements written by Euclid are the fundamentals for the study of geometry from a modern mathematical perspective. Elements comprise Euclidean theories, postulates, axioms, construction, and mathematical proofs of propositions.

Lines and Angles

In a two-dimensional plane, a line is simply a figure that joins two points. Usually, lines are used for presenting objects that are straight in shape and have minimal depth or width.