Q1, Q2, Q3 please - Economics Vaccinex is a new, generic pharmaceutical product sold by Blue and Red. Both are consideringtheir pricing decisions for the next year. Payoffs under different combinations of decisions are asfollows:If both Blue and Red price high, both will receive profits of £3m in the coming year.If Blue prices high and Red prices low, Blue will receive profits of £0.7m and Red will receiveprofits of £6m.If Blue prices low and Red prices high, Blue receive profits of £5m and Red will receive profitsof £2m.If both Blue and Red price low, both will receive profits of £0.1m.1.What is a Nash equilibrium? And use your definition to identify and explain in full,all the Nash equilibrium strategy pairs and their payoffs in this game.2.Suppose that Blue can publish its prices for the year before Red. Draw a diagramof the sequential game in extensive form showing and labelling clearly all threesubgames. What is the outcome of the game if both players are rational and fullyinformed, and both reason using backward induction?3. Would the outcome of the game change if Red published its prices first? Draw asuitable diagram showing all three subgames and explain your answer in full.

1) Nash equilibrium is the decision making theorem that states that the player can achieve its…

1. What is a Nash equilibrium? And use your definition to identify and explain in full, all the Nash equilibrium strategy pairs and their payoffs in this game. 2. Suppose that Blue can publish its prices for the year before Red. Draw a diagram of the sequential game in extensive form showing and labelling clearly all three subgames. What is the outcome of the game if both players are rational and fully informed, and both reason using backward induction? 3. Would the outcome of the game change if Red published its prices first? Draw a suitable diagram showing all three subgames and explain your answer in full.

1. What is a Nash equilibrium? And use your definition to identify and explain in full, all the Nash equilibrium strategy pairs and their payoffs in this game. 2. Suppose that Blue can publish its prices for the year before Red. Draw a diagram of the sequential game in extensive form showing and labelling clearly all three subgames. What is the outcome of the game if both players are rational and fully informed, and both reason using backward induction? 3. Would the outcome of the game change if Red published its prices first? Draw a suitable diagram showing all three subgames and explain your answer in full.

Managerial Economics: Applications, Strategies and Tactics (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305506381

Author:James R. McGuigan, R. Charles Moyer, Frederick H.deB. Harris

Publisher:James R. McGuigan, R. Charles Moyer, Frederick H.deB. Harris

Chapter15A: Auction Design And Information Economics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10E

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Two rival communications companies (Alpha and Beta) are both considering bringing out a revolutionary 8G wireless technology. Unfortunately, the costs of development are so high that the potential market could only support one firm. Both companies understand these possible outcomes. If one firm enters the 8G market and the other does not, the entering firm will receive $500 billion in profits over the next 5 years; the other firm will receive $100 billion over the same 5 years (by concentrating on their current 5G service). If neither enters the 8G field, they can both expect to receive $75 billion over the 5-year period, as they fight over the 5G market. Lastly, if both enter the 8G market, each will end up suffering a $50 billion loss over the same 5 years. Use a game table with “ENTER” and “STAY OUT” to decide each player’s options and the payoffs. Explain why each company has a strong reason to want to announce its intentions before the other company announces theirs.
The mixed stratergy nash equalibrium consists of : the probability of firm A selecting October is 0.692 and probability of firm A selecting December is 0.309. The probability of firm B selecting October is 0.5 and probability of firm selecting December is 0.5. In the equilibrium you calculated above, what is the probability that both consoles are released in October? In December? What are the expected payoffs of firm A and of firm B in equilibrium?
Consider a similar auction problm as before. Two Örms compete for a contract to build a university building. Their construction costs are independent and uniformly drawn from [0; 1]: (a) Suppose the auction is conducted as follows. Price starts at 1 (at this price both bidders would be happy to win the project). The price goes down continuously: at time t 2 [0;1]; the price will be 1 t. At any time t; any bidder can shout ìáoccinaucinihilipiliÖcious.î Once that happens, the price will stop to decline. The bidder who remains silent becomes the winner and he is paid the price at that moment. If both players say it at the same time, the auction ends without a winner. If no player speaks until t = 1 (and the price will be zero by then), the game ends and a winner is selected randomly for a price of 0: Analyze this auction. You donít have to provide rigorous mathematical proofs. How does this auction relate to (a) or (b)? 1 (b) Suppose the auction is conducted as follows.…
The Miramar Company is going to introduce one of three new products: a Widget, a Hummer, or a Nimnot. The market conditions (favourable, Stable, or unfavourable) will determine the profit or loss the company realizes, as shown In the following payoff table: State of Nature Favourable Stable Unfavourable Product 0.2 0.7 0.1 $ $ $ Widget 120,000 70,000 -30,000 Hummer 60,000 40,000 20,000 Nimnot 35,000 30,000 30,000 Required: 1. Determine the best decision, using the following criteria Maximax Maximum LaPlace 2. Compute the expected value for each decision and select the best one.
You and a rival are engaged in a game in which there are three possible outcomes: you win, your rival wins (you lose), or the two of you tie. You get a payoff of 50 if you win, a payoff of 20 if you tie, and a payoff of 0 if you lose. What is your expected payoff in each of the following situations? (a) There is a 50% chance that the game ends in a tie, but only a 10% chance that you win. (There is thus a 40% chance that you lose.) (b) There is a 50–50 chance that you win or lose. There are no ties. (c) There is an 80% chance that you lose, a 10% chance that you win, and a 10% chance that you tie.
4.25 The Gorman Manufacturing Company must decide whether to manufacture a component part at its Milan, Michigan, plant or purchase the component part from a supplier. The resulting profit is dependent upon the demand for the product. The following payoff table shows the projected profit (in thousands of dollars): State of Nature Low Demand Medium Demand High Demand Decision Alternative s1 s2 s3 Manufacture, d1 -20 40 100 Purchase, d2 10 45 70 The state-of-nature probabilities are P(s1) = 0.35, P(s2) = 0.35, and P(s3) = 0.30. Use a decision tree to recommend a decision.Recommended decision: Use EVPI to determine whether Gorman should attempt to obtain a better estimate of demand.EVPI: $
** Please be advsed that this is practice only from previous yeasr *** Answers: (a) There are no Nash equilibria.(b) There are two pure strategy Nash equilibra, one with (H,H) and another with (L,L), and no mixed strategy Nash equilibria.(c) There are two pure strategy Nash equilibra, one with (H,H) and another with (L,L), and one mixed strategy Nash equilibria with p = 1/2 and q = 1/2.(d) There are two pure strategy Nash equilibra, one with (H,H) and another with (L,L), and one mixed strategy Nash equilibria with p = 1/2 and q = 3/4.(e) There are two pure strategy Nash equilibra, one with (H,H) and another with (L,L), and one mixed strategy Nash equilibria with p = 3/4 and q = 1/2.
There are N>=2 collectors who engage in the auction of an antique. The collectorshave a common valuation of the antique, denoted by v, which is known to all. Thecollectors make a simultaneous bid. Let pn denote the bid by collector n = 1,....,N. The one with the highest bid wins the antique. The winner receives payoff v-pi.The other(s) receive zero payoff. If more than one collectors make the same highestbid, then they have an equal chance of winning the item. Prove that: A) It is not a Nash Equilibrium (NE) if the highest bid is v and onlyone collector bids this price.(b) It is not a NE if the highest bid is less than v.(c) It is a NE that the highest bid is v and more than one collector bidsthis price
A manager is deciding whether to build a small or a large facility. Much depends on the future demand that thefacility must serve, and demand may be small or large. The manager knows with certainty the payoffs that willresult under each alternative, shown in the following payoff table. The payoffs (in $000) are the present values offuture revenues minus costs for each alternative in each event.What is the best choice if future demand will be low?
Find all NE of the stage game.(b) Consider a two-period game without discounting in which the stage game is played ineach period. Find all pure strategy SPNE.(c) What’s the min-max payoff of each player?(c1) Consider pure strategies only.(c2) Consider all strategies, including the mixed ones.(d) Now suppose the stage game is repeated infinitely many times. Use the Fudenberg-Maskin Folk theorem to find all possible values of payoff that can be supported as aSPNE.
Normal Form: Which one of the following descriptions below is CORRECT according to this Normal Form shown? 1.) If Player 2 believes that Player 1 randomly choose H or L with same probability, then Player 2's expected for choosing HC is 2. 2.) If Player 1 has 20% chance to play H and 80% chance to play L, Player 2 has 40% chance to play HD and 60% chance to play LC; then Player 1's expected payoff is 2. 3.) If Player 2 randomly play one of its 4 strategies without any preference, then Player 1's expected payoff for playing L is 2.5. 4.) If Player 2 believes that Player 1 has no probability to play L, then Player 2 would prefer to choose HC or HD.
What is the payoff for both players in the SPNE of this game?-(2,5)-(3,4)- (2,2)- (5,1)- (1,7)