Reflexology and Breast Cancer - A recently published journal article describes a study conducted by MSU researchers. The researchers recruited 256 women living in the Midwest who were undergoing treatment for breastcancer. Prior to the study, each patient was asked to identify a friend or family member (called the caregiver) who was willing to learn how to deliver a foot reflexology treatment and perform the treatment at least once per weekfor four weeks.At the beginning of the study, all 256 patients were interviewed by trained data collectors via telephone. Data collectors recorded the age, race, ethnicity, level of education, employment income, and their relationship to theircaregiver. They also recorded responses to questions evaluating their depressive symptoms and the severity of 13 medical symptoms such as pain, fatigue, nausea, dry mouth, etc. Symptoms were rated as mild, moderate, orsevere.After the first interview, half of the patients were randomly assigned to receive reflexology treatments from their caregiver and the other half were not. These caregivers were instructed in the technique by trained reflexologists.All patients received weekly phone calls from the data collectors where they were asked about their symptoms and had a limited amount of social interaction with the interviewer.Results of the research showed a decrease in the reported amount of pain for patients in the reflexology group, while other symptoms were not noticeably different between the two groups.1. What is the research question for this study?A. Are race, age, and level of education related to the effectiveness of reflexology treatments and weekly telephone calls?B. Can friends and family members of breast cancer patients learn to perform reflexology treatments?C. Do reflexology treatments reduce the severity of symptoms for breast cancer patients?D. Do weekly telephone calls reduce the severity of symptoms for breast cancer treatments?2. Consider the study above. Match each statistical term to the appropriate aspect of the study (note, you won't use all the available phrases from the right column)1. Control groupA. All adults living in the MidwestB. Whether patient has breast cancer or notC. Patients who received only weekly telephone callsD. All patients undergoing treatment for breast cancerE. Trained data collectorsF. 256 patients undergoing treatment for breast cancerG. Patients who received reflexology treatments and weekly telephone callsH. All people trained to give reflexology treatmentsI. 13 medical symptoms2. Treatment group?v 3. Sample4. Population of interest 3. Does this study make use of blinding??becauseA. The data collectors were trained to be impartial in the recording of patient responses.B. Half of the caregivers were not trained to give reflexology treatments.C. The breast cancer patients knew whether they were receiving reflexology treatments or not.D. All 256 breast cancer patients received weekly telephone calls.4. For each of the listed variables, indicate whether it is numerical, ordinal, or nominal in the context of this study.a. Pain symptoms (rated as mild/moderate/severe) Numerical vb. Age of the patient in years Ordinalc. Race of the patient Nominal5. Wecanconclude (with caution) that reflexology treatments reduce the pain symptoms of breast cancer patients because this research was an

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