Proteins
We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.
Protein Expression
The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.
Write short answers of following questions.
1. Why proteins lose their function upon change in their 3D structure?
2. What is allosteric inhibition?
Protein is a polymer of amino acids, it also known as polypeptides. The study of the structure of proteins is generally divided into four main stages -
- Primary Structure
- Secondary Structure
- Tertiary Structure
- Quaternary Structure
The study of the 3-d structure of protein molecules is known as the Tertiary Structure. The alpha-helix and beta-pleated structure fold to form a compact globular structure, which is driven by the interactions between the R-group molecules present in them. These interactions include H-bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, ionic bonding and London dispersion forces. Some other interactions include Hydrophobic interactions and Disulfide bonds (covalent bond present in the S-containing amino acids).
The process in which nucleic acids or proteins lose any of their structure (in their native state) is known as Denaturation. It could be due to the application of some strong acid or base, or excess high temperature, or radiation.
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