10. We know that when a system in chemical equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or concentration, the system shifts in equilbirium composition in a way that tends to counteract this change in variable. Consider the following reaction. COCI2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g) AH = 169.0 kJ a) If pressure was increased, would the change in pressure cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)? b) If chlorine gas (Cl₂) is removed, would this change in concentration cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)? E to elame noi Ono stors dose Sto triste c) If temperature was decreased, would this change in temperature cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)?

10. We know that when a system in chemical equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or concentration, the system shifts in equilbirium composition in a way that tends to counteract this change in variable. Consider the following reaction. COCI2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g) AH = 169.0 kJ a) If pressure was increased, would the change in pressure cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)? b) If chlorine gas (Cl₂) is removed, would this change in concentration cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)? E to elame noi Ono stors dose Sto triste c) If temperature was decreased, would this change in temperature cause the reaction to go forward (right) or reverse (left)?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

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Chapter17: Spontaneity, Entropy, And Free Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 121CP: If wet silver carbonate is dried in a stream of hot air. the air must have a certain concentration...

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A gaseous material XY(g) dissociates to some extent to produce X(g) and Y(g): XY(g)X(g)+Y(g) A 2.00-g sample of XY (molar mass = 165 g/mol) is placed in a container with a movable piston at 25C. The pressure is held constant at 0.967 atm. As XY begins to dissociate, the piston moves until 35.0 mole percent of the original XY has dissociated and then remains at a constant position. Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of the gas in the container after the piston has stopped moving, and determine the value of K for this reaction of 25C.
If wet silver carbonate is dried in a stream of hot air. the air must have a certain concentration level of carbon dioxide to prevent silver carbonate from decomposing by the reaction Ag2CO3(s)Ag2O(s)+CO2(g) H for this reaction is 79.14 kJ/mol in the temperature range of 25 to 125C. Given that the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in equilibrium with pure solid silver carbonate is 6.23 103 torr at 25C, calculate the partial pressure of CO2 necessary to prevent decomposition ofAg2CO3 at 110C. (Hint: Manipulate the equation in Exercise 79.)
Consider the decomposition of CaCO3(s) into CaO(s) and Co2(g). What is the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 at room temperature?
Many sugars undergo a process called mutarotation, in which the sugar molecules interconvert between two isomeric forms, finally reaching an equilibrium between them. This is true for the simple sugar glucose, C6H12O6, which exists in solution in isomeric forms called alpha-glucose and beta-glucose. If a solution of glucose at a certain temperature is analyzed, and it is found that the concentration of alpha-glucose is twice the concentration of beta-glucose, what is the value of K for the interconversion reaction?
Methanol, CH3OH, formerly known as wood alcohol, is manufactured commercially by the following reaction: CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g) A 1.500-L vessel was filled with 0.1500 mol CO and 0.3000 mol H2. When this mixture came to equilibrium at 500 K. the vessel contained 0.1187 mol CO. How many moles of each substance were in the vessel?
The following reaction occurs when a burner on a gas stove is lit: CH4+2O2(g)CO2(g)+2H2O(g) Is an equilibrium among CH4, O2, CO2, and H2O established under these conditions? Explain your answer.
The reaction, 3 H2(g) + N2(g) (g), has the fol lowing equilibrium constants at the temperatures given: atT=25°C,K= 2.8 X 104 at T = 500°C, A = 2.4 X IO"7 At which temperature are reactants favored? At which temperature are products favored? YVhat can you say about the reaction if the equilibrium constant is 1.2 at 127°C?
12.42 The following reaction is in equilibrium in lake water: HCO,_(aq) + H+(aq)«=*H,CO,(aq) Predict the change in the reaction quotient, Q, for each disturbance below and use that prediction to explain how the equilibrium is shifted by the stress. NaHCOj is added to the lake. H,CO}is added. NaOH is added.
. Many sugars undergo a process called mutarotation, in which the sugar molecules interconvert between two isomeric forms, finally reaching an equilibrium between them. This is true for the simple sugar glucose, C6H12O6, which exists in solution in isomeric forms called alpha-glucose and beta-glucose. If a solution of glucose at a certain temperature is analyzed, and it is found that the concentration of alpha-glucose is twice the concentration of beta-glucose, what is the value of K for the inter-conversion reaction?
Old-fashioned smelling salts consist of ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3. The reaction for the decomposition of ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3(s)2NH3(g)+CO(g)+H2O(g) is endothermic. Would the smell of ammonia increase or decrease as the temperature is increased?
. Explain why the development of a vapor pressure above a liquid in a closed container represents an equilibrium. What are the opposing processes? How do we recognize when the system has reached a state of equilibrium?

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