11. Mr. X wants to send a message that contains a word to Mr. Y through the internet. The message consists of alphabets, digits and the special characters $ and !. To secure the message from intruders, he has used an encryption procedure. The encryption procedure uses the following encoding scheme: (i). Each alphabet of the message is converted to its next alphabet. If the alphabet is 'z', it is converted into 'a' (ii) Each digit of the message is converted to its next digit. If the alphabet is '9', it is converted into '0' (iii) The special characters are converted into * and - respectively for $ and!. Write a program to a. Create a function for doing the encryption b. Read the message and do the decryption Input: Output: Input: Output: Diamond! Gold$ Ejbnpoe-Hpme* I will come on 30th

11. Mr. X wants to send a message that contains a word to Mr. Y through the internet. The message consists of alphabets, digits and the special characters $ and !. To secure the message from intruders, he has used an encryption procedure. The encryption procedure uses the following encoding scheme: (i). Each alphabet of the message is converted to its next alphabet. If the alphabet is 'z', it is converted into 'a' (ii) Each digit of the message is converted to its next digit. If the alphabet is '9', it is converted into '0' (iii) The special characters are converted into * and - respectively for $ and!. Write a program to a. Create a function for doing the encryption b. Read the message and do the decryption Input: Output: Input: Output: Diamond! Gold$ Ejbnpoe-Hpme* I will come on 30th

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

1. We have defined a symmetric cryptography algorithm using the XOR operator. Assume our messages (before encryption) consist of only uppercase and lowercase letters, digits and blank character. In addition, assume the key size is only one byte which is an integer between 0 and 255 (inclusive). The pseudocode of the proposed encryption algorithm is as follows: Read the message // for example message=”Hi” Read the key // for example key=10 Cipher_text=[] //an empty list for i=1 to len(message): Cipher_text= Cipher_text.append(XOR(message[i],key)) Return Cipher_text Assume XOR function, takes a character and the key, then returns the result of bitwise XOR of ASCII code of the letter with the key as an (one byte) integer. For example, if message=”Hi” and key=10, then we should first calculate the ASCCI code of “H” which is 72 and find the result of (72 XOR 10) which is 66. Then the ASCCI code of “i” is 105, so the result of (105 XOR 10) is 99. Thus the Cipher_text would be…
Question 2: Encoding Cryptography is the study of trying to create secure information by obscuring the original message. One simple encryption method is to substitute letters from the original message with other letters. To make it harder to decrypt the hidden message, we may also remove clues such as the length of the words in the message and any punctuation or capitalization. Write a function encode that consumes a string message. The function produces a string which is encrypted according the following procedure: * Only the letters from the original message will be encrypted. Other characters such as spaces, punctuation, numeric digits, etc. are not included in the encrypted message at all. * The encrypted message will only contain uppercase letters. * Each letter will be replaced by the uppercase letter at the opposite end of the English alphabet. In other words, A or a will become Z, B or b will become Y, C or c will become X, ..., Z or z will become A. * The encrypted message…
Question 2: Encoding Cryptography is the study of trying to create secure information by obscuring the original message. One simple encryption method is to substitute letters from the original message with other letters. To make it harder to decrypt the hidden message, we may also remove clues such as the length of the words in the message and any punctuation or capitalization. Write a function encode that consumes a string message. The function produces a string which is encrypted according the following procedure: * Only the letters from the original message will be encrypted. Other characters such as spaces, punctuation, numeric digits, etc. are not included in the encrypted message at all. * The encrypted message will only contain uppercase letters. * Each letter will be replaced by the uppercase letter at the opposite end of the English alphabet. In other words, A or a will become Z, B or b will become Y, C or c will become X, ..., Z or z will become A. * The encrypted message…
As discussed in Class 05, cryptography is the area of mathematics intended for the study of techniques and principles for transforming information from its original form to another, unintelligible form, so that it can be used only when authorized. According to the definition of encryption, carefully analyze the following situation presented below: For the transmission of encrypted messages between two points A and B, A generates a private key and forwards it to B, A encrypts the message using this same private key and sends this message to B, upon receiving the message, B decrypts the message with the same private key. Regarding the situation presented above, mark the alternative that corresponds to the encryption mode used. A) Cryptographic Abstract;B) Asymmetrical;C) Digital Certification;D) Symmetrical;E) Digital Signature.
(do completely) Question 3 One way to solve the key distribution problem is to use a line from a book that both the sender and the receiver possess. Consider the following ciphertext: B G L C J J Y Y N U D N T G T The key used to encrypt the original message is derived from the first letter of the first four words in the first sentence of The Hunt for the Red October, written by Tom Clancy. “Captain First Rank Marko Ramius of the Soviet Navy was dressed for the Arctic conditions normal to the Northen Fleet submarine base at Polyarnyy.” (Hint: The encoder has removed the blanks between the ciphertext. The key used here might not be a meaningful English word. However the plaintext is a meaningful English phrase). (a) Retrieve the key. (b) Retrieve the whole plaintext.
The Lingala Language of Republic of Congo has 35 letters. Consider an Affine cipher, which encrypts each letter according to the rule: C=(p×k1+k2) mod 35. Here C, p, k1, and k2 are each members in the range 0 to 34, where C represents the ciphertext letter, p the plaintext letter, and k1 and k2 are constant keys. How many possible keys does this affine system have? Explain in details.
Substitution ciphers are encryption/decryption algorithms that replace one letter or number with another. The first attested use of a substitution cipher in military affairs was by Julius Caesar, described by him in Gallic Wars (cf. Kahn pp83-84). In caesar cipher , you replace each letter by 3rd letter on. If it is out of bound (later than Z), then round to the head (letter A) and continue the shift. For example:meet me after the toga party PHHW PH DIWHU WKH WRJD SDUWB Please write a program in Java to implement the Caesar Cipher: a. Implement the encryption algorithm. Ask the user to input one all lower case normal sentence (called plaintext) using the nextLine method, and then output the encrypted text (called ciphertext). b. Implement the decryption algorithm. Ask the user to input one encrypted sentence (i.e. ciphertext) using the nextLine method, and then output the decrypted text (i.e. plaintext).
RSA is an exponentiation cipher that is used in public key cryptography. Two entities, A and B would wish to exchange data using RSA algorithm and have chosen two prime numbers p and q such that p = 7 and q = 11. Assume a cryptosystem in which each letter of the alphabet is represented by a number between 00 (A) and 25(Z) and a space is represented by 26. A and B have also agreed to generate cryptographic keys such that the private and public key pair for A is d and e respectively while the private and public key pair for B is f and g respectively. Take the key values as follows: d= 53, e = 17, f = 13 and g = 37. A wants to send the message "MY SON " to B in such a way that BOTH the message's confidentiality and authenticity of the sender are preserved. Explain the requirements on both the sender side and the receiver side that will ensure both the message confidentiality and sender authentication for this communication. Clearly show the computations performed by the sender to…
Introductory: The Caesar Cipher technique is one of the earliest and simplest methods of encryption techniques. It is simply a type of substitution cipher, i.e., each letter of a given text is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a shift of 1, A would be replaced by B, B would become C, and so on. The method is apparently named after Julius Caesar, who apparently used it to communicate with his officials. Thus, to cipher a given text we need an integer value, known as a shift which indicates the number of positions each letter of the text has been moved down. The encryption can be represented using modular arithmetic by first transforming the letters into numbers, according to the scheme, A = 0, B = 1 ,…, Z = 25. Encryption of a letter by a shift n can be described mathematically as. En(x) = (x+n) mod 26 (Encryption Phase with shift n) Write an algorithm and implement a program in C to read the data from a file (called…
Your task is to design automated solvers for the shift and Vigenere ciphers. You must use C as the under- lying programming language, in order to get prepared for the following labs. Each solver should be completely automated, i.e., upon reading a text ,l.e. containing the target ciphertext (given as command-line argument), it should print the encryption key and the decrypted plaintext without any user interaction. Test your code on the following ciphertexts, and answer these questions: 1. What is the key of the cipher? 2. What is the decrypted plaintext?Shift Cipher - Decrypt the following ciphertext:…
Let p = 23, q = 47, g = 2, H(M) = 2. Let x= last two digits of roll no and k = middle digit of roll no and if middle digit is 0 take the value of k = 9.{ Hint roll no is: 045, then middle digit = 4 and last two digit= 45}. Compute the public key y. Generate signature (r, s) ROLL NO :009
1. Messages are to be encoded using the RSA method, and the primes chosen are p “ 13 and q “ 23, so that n “ pq “ 299. The encryption exponent is e “ 13. Thus, the public key is p299, 13q. (a) Use the repeated squaring algorithm to find the encrypted form c of the message m “ 84. (b) Show that the decryption exponent d (the private key) is 61. (c) Verify that you obtain the original message after decryption. Use the repeated squaring algorithm. Please no plagiarism and also i want clear had writting. Thanks.