12. Which of the following statements is true? Please briefly explain why the false statements arefalse. At physiological temperature, cell membranes are in a "liquid ordered" stateA.enzymesB.C.D.Membrane lipids can rapidly move from one monolayer to the other in the absence ofScramblases tend to increase the lipid asymmetry of the membraneCholesterol can have opposite effects on membrane fluidity depending on the temperatureReplacing unsaturated lipids with saturated lipids typically increase the membrane fluidity13. You are trying to identify microbes that are more tolerant of cold climates. You analyze the lipidsof strain 1 and find that it has 3 times the amount of unsaturated lipids as strain 2. Which strainwould you expect to be more tolerant of cold environments? Why?

Approach to solving the question:Read and understand the questions.Analyze the situation in the…

Answered: 12. Which of the following statements…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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1. Explain why phosphoglycerides are found in lipid bilayer 2. Enumerate and describe the mechanisms of transport across a membrane
1. Will the water penetrate all through the sandwich? Explain. 2. Explain which layer(s) of the sandwich are hydrophobic and which layer/s arehydrophilic. How is this similar to the structure of a cell membrane?
3) For each case given below, describe how the fluidity of membranes will change (increase or decrease) and why this change will happen. A. Increasing the number of double bonds (unsaturation) of the fatty acids in the phospholipids. B. Increasing the length of the fatty acid chains. C. Increasing the cholesterol content of the membrane D. Increasing temperature
13.Write LEFT or RIGHT to indicate the direction of the movement of water in the following cells Pure water 10% sucrose 15% glucose (85% water) 5% glucose (95% water) 10% fructose 20% fructose (95% water) ☐ 13.1. 13.2. 13.3. 13.4. What type/s of membrane transport is/are shown in the processes above? 13.5. What structure or characteristic gives the biological membrane selective permeability?
1. Ms. Sassa, a biology professor, wanted to demonstrate to her students the applicability of a dialyzing membrane (DM) as a model for the cell membrane by enclosing an aqueous solution in a DM bag and immersing in a beaker containing a different solution. Substances available which are permeable to the DM include 0.02 M NaCl, 0.03 M glucose, and 0.01 M glucose. The only substance available which is completely impermeable to the DM is the 0.01 M lactose. Using the substances given and materials such as a beaker, stirring rod, and string, draw ONLY ONE set- up that can be demonstrated by Ms. Sassa that will satisfy ALL of the following conditions: a. No solute will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell. b. Glucose will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell. c. NaCl will exhibit a zero net movement. d. No net movement of lactose from the inside to outside of the cell. Make sure to label properly the substance inside the beaker and inside the DM bag (1.)
9. Match each of the following statements related to membrane transport processes to the appropriate term: passive transport, facilitated transport, active transport. More than one term may apply in a given situation. _a. Movement across the membrane is against the concentration gradient. _b. Proteins serve as "gates." _c. Expenditure of cellular energy is required. _d. Movement across the membrane is from a high to a low concentration.
16. According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, which of the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids? A. They can move laterally along the plane of the membrane. 8. They frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other. C. They occur in an uninterrupted bilayer, with membrane proteins restricted to the surface of the membrane. 17 D. They are free to depart from the membrane and dissolve in the surrounding solution. E. They have hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane.
The average concentration of salt in seawater is about 3.5 percent and the average concen- tration of salt in the human cellular environment is about 0.9 percent. Drinking seawater can be fatally harmful and is highly discouraged even in the most severe cases of dehydration. Which of the following provides the most likely cause for this fact? A B с D The increase in salt concentration in the extracellular environment will increase the per- meability of the cell membrane. The increase in salt concentration in the extracellular environment will cause the move- ment of water into the cell. The increase in salt concentration in the extracellular environment will cause the move- ment of water out of the cell. The increase in salt concentration in the extracellular environment will decrease the per- meability of the cell membrane.
1. Passive transport of molecules is determined by the concentrations gradient of such molecules A. True B. False 2. Plasmalemma is the same as the plasma membrane A. True B. False 3. Phospholipids are always oriented so that their polar head faces the calcium ions A. True B. False 4. Which of these is not a function of the lipid bilayer? A. Changes the temperature B. Provides a flexible matrix C. Imposes a barrier to permeability 5. Which of these is not true about enzymes? A. Most of them are proteins B. Are changed at the end of the reaction C. Can only speed up the rate of the reaction D. Very specific in function E. Work better in specific medium
6. As a demonstration, an artificial cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a semi permeable membrane is placed into a beaker containing a different solution. The membrane is permeable to water and to monosaccharide's glucose and fructose but completely impermeable to the disaccharide sucrose. The concentration of each cell is described in the diagram below. 0.03M Sucrose 0.02M Glucose 0.01M Sucrose 0.01M Glucose 0.01M Fructose a. Which solute(s) will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell? Explain. b. Which solute(s) will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell? Explain. C. Which solution is hypertonic, the cell or the solution? Explain.
1. What are the forces that maintain structural integrity of biological membranes and explain how each force mentioned is formed in membrane lipids.
The fluidity of the plasma membrane increases with 1.Increase in unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane 2.Increase in saturated fatty acids in the membrane 3.Increase in glycolipid content in the membrane 4.Increase in phospholipid content in the membrane

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