2. Draw typical pavement deterioration curves for two types of pavements (A and B). Pavements A and B's lifespan are 20 and 40 years until they reach a failure threshold. The cost of constructing shorter life span pavement (A) is 5 million dollars per mile whereas the pavement with longer life span (B) costs 10 million dollars per mile. You have the option of using overlays to extend the life span of a pavement which may cost 1.5 million dollars per mile with expected lifetime of 10 years. When you consider total costs (assume no inflation), which pavement type would you choose?
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- 50 KPa is equivalent to: O A) 5x 10^6 N/m^2 O B) 5 x 10^5 N/m^2 O0 5 x 10^3 N/m^2 O D) 5 x 10^4 N/m^2 Concrete is required for a plain concrete pavement to be constructed in Southern Alberta. The pavement will be exposed to freezing, thawing, and deicers. If aggregates with a nominal maximum size of 20 mm are used, what is the minimum cement content per cubic meter of concrete as per the CSA Standard? OA) 320 kg O B) 335 kg OO 390 kg OD) 420 kg During Lab 5, the relative density of a coarse aggregate sample was determined. The sample of coarse aggregate was towel dryed to represent this moisture state: O A) OD B) Wet OC SSD O D) Air Dry When performing the slump test, each layer of concrete is rodded times as per CSA specifications: OA) 20 O B) 25 OO 30 O D) 122. What are various failures in Flexible Pavement’s, explain with the help of diagrams?If the pavement structure number (SN) is equal to 1 and the terminal serviceability index (TSI) is 2.5. what would be the ESAL value that would correspond to a tandem axle load of 18,000 pounds? O 1.000 O.0.070 O 0.018 O 2000
- ● Example A pavement is subjected to the single-axle loads shown in the table below. Determine the ESAL for a design period of 20 years using AASHTO EALF and assuming a growth rate of 4% Solution Axle load (kip) 12 14 16 18 Number per day 200.0 117.4 84.5 61.4 Axle load (kip) 20 22 24 26 Number per day ESAL= (ADT), (T) (T) (365) (G) (D) (L) 47.2 21.4 129 6.1 Axle load (kip) 28 30 32 34 Number per day 2.9 1.2 2100 0.7 0.3Describe these five (5) types of pavement deformations (A-E) and then discuss the causes and propose the proper solutions of each type.Overall standard deviation, S, Design serviceability loss, APSI 10 5.0 99.9 0.2 99 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 90 0.5 0.1 0.05 1.5 2.0 80 70 2.5 60 3.0 50 9 87 65 4 6.5 5.5 4.5 3.5 2 1 Eхample: 2.5 1.5 W18 = 5 x 106 Design structural number, SN R = 95% S, = 0.35 M = 5000 Ib/in² APSI = 1.9 Solution: SN = 5.0
- Q1) If the traffic using the pavement grows at an annual rate of 4 present ,determine the design ESAL for 20 years, if ESAL for one year =78900?Determine the base thickness of plain concrete pavement (PCP) without dowelled joints using the information and charts provided be • Desired project reliability - 85% Subgrade design CBR-6% • Design period -30 years • Design Traffic 5.0*10* HVAG(B) Note: The information obtained from each table or figure must be stated in the examination script to obtain relevant marks. Table 3.1: Minimum subbase requirements for rigid pavements Design traffic (HVAG) Subbase type 125 mm bound Up to 10⁰ Up to 5x10 150 mm bound or 125 mm LCS Up to 1x10 170 mm bound or 125 mm LCS 150 mm LCS Greater than 1x 10 1 Under CRCP, a heavily bound subbase with an asphalt surfacing is an acceptable alternative 75 Maximum permitted value CBR % Effective subgrade strength used in concrete base thickness determinations 60 50 40 35 30 25 20 15 12 10 Concrete Base 200 Thickness 190 (mm) 180 8. Pavement type 7. 6. 5. PCP Dowelled & CRCP 260 250 240 230 220 210 170 160 150 140 150mm LCS 125mm LCS 8 10 Design subgrade…Repeat Problem 19-7 using two different depths of untreated aggregate bases of 6 in. and 12 in. Highway contractors in your area can furnish rates for providing and properly laying an asphalt concrete surface and untreated granular base. Assume a structural coefficient of 0.12 for the base course. If these rates are available, determine the cost for constructing the different pavement designs if the highway section is 5 miles long and the lane width is 12 ft. Which design will you select for construction?
- Questions 1. Estimate and give examples of calculation for building work of measurements unit in square meter (m²) and cubic meter (m³). 2. Describe in sequences the item, description, unit, quantity, rate and amount of pavement layer construction in Bill of Quantity template.Ex/ Comparison Between Flexible and Rigid Pavements ? Comprehensive comparisonBriefly explain the process of constructing a pavement using roller-compacted concrete (RCC). What are the advantages and disadvantages of this method of construction?