2. How many observations would be necessary for a time studies analyst to be 99% confident that the average time is within + 3 minutes of the true value, if the average time is 10.5 minutes and the standard deviation is 3 minutes?
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- Supervisor Kenneth Peterson wants to detem1ine thepercentage of time a machine in his a rea is idle. He decides to usework sampling, and his initial estimate is that the machine is idle 20%of the time. How many observations should Peterson take to be 98%confident that the results will be Jess than 5% from the true results?A total of 300 observations of Bob Ramos, anassembly-line worker, were made over a 40-hour workweek. Thesample also showed that Bob was busy working (assembling theparts) during 250 observations.a) Find the percentage of time Bob was working. b) If you want a confidence level of 95%, and if {3% is an accept-able error, what size should the sample be? c) Was the sample size adequate?Each year, Lord & Taylor, Ltd., sets up a gift-wrappingstation to assist its customers with holiday shopping. Preliminaryobservations of one worker at the sta tion produced the followingsample time (in minutes per package): 3.5, 3.2, 4. 1, 3.6, 3.9.Based on this small sample, what number of observations wouldbe necessa ry to determine the true cycle time with a 95% confidencelevel and an accuracy of ± 5%?
- 1.What are motion study principles? How are they classified?2. Name some reasons why methods analyses are needed. How is methods analysis linked to pro-ductivity improvements?3. How are devices such as flow process charts and worker-machine charts useful?4. What is a time standard? What factors must be taken into account when developing standards?Supervisor Kenneth Peterson wants to determinethe percent of time a machine in his area is idle. He decides touse work sampling, and his initial estimate is that the machine isidle 20% of the time. How many observations should Petersontake to be 98% confident that the results will be less than 5% fromthe true results?What would typically happen if an abnormally short time was recorded when conducting a stopwatch time study? a) It would be included in the study. b) It would be discarded. c) It would be factored by the performance rating. d) Inform the supervisor of the abnormality.
- Q2 (a) A time study analyst timed an assembly operation for 30 cycles, and then computed the average time per cycle, which was 18.75 minutes. The analyst assigned a performance rating of 0.96 and decided that an appropriate allowance was 15 percent. Assume the allowance factor is based on the workday. Determine the following: (i) Observed time (OT) (ii) The Normal times (NT) (iii) The standard time (ST) (b) If the analyst wants to estimate the number of observations that will be needed to achieve a specified maximum error, with a confidence of 95.5 %. A preliminary study yielded a mean of 5.2 minutes and a standard deviation of 1.1 minutes. Determine the total number of observation needed for these two cases: (a) A maximum error of + or - 6 % (b) A maximum error of 40 minutesEach year, Lord & Taylor, Ltd., sets up a giftwrapping station to assist its customers with holiday shopping. Preliminary observations of one worker at the stationproduced the following sample time (in minutes per package):3.5, 3.2, 4.1, 3.6, 3.9. Based on this small sample, what number of observations would be necessary to determine the truecycle time with a 95% confidence level and an accuracy of{5%?The Konishi Electronics Company manufactures computermicrochips. A particular job that has been under analysis aspart of a quality-improvement program was the subject of atime study. The time study encompassed 20 job cycles, and the results include the following cumulative times and per-formance rating factors for each element: a. Compute the standard time for this job using an al-lowance factor of 15%. b. Using a sample standard deviation of 0.51 minutes, de-termine the number of cycles for this time study such that the company would be 95% confident that the av-erage time from the time study is within 5% of the true average cycle time.
- Installing mufflers at the O'Sullivan Garage in Golden, Colorado, involves five work elements. Jill O'Sull ivanhas timed workers performing these tasks seven times, with the results shown in the following table: By agreement with her workers, Jill allows a 10% fatigue factor and a 10% personal-time factor, but no time for delay. To compute standard time for the work operatio n, Jill excludes all observations that a ppear to be unusual or nonrecurring. She does not want an error of mo re than ±5%.a) What is the standard time for the task?b) How many observations are needed to assu re a 95% confidence level?Company ZYX is a small consulting organization with 40 employees. The manager who is responsible for employee performance appraisal has a particular way of conducting it. He has a firm belief that formal performance evaluations (with developed criteria, ratings, formal discussions etc.) are an absolute waste of time and should never be done. Instead, he thinks that he is well familiar with each employeeâs work and achievements, and he can easily tell âwhat they are worthâ by interacting with them and observing their performance on a daily basis. As a result, the manager periodically stops at employeesâ desks, talks to them, asks about their progress on projects and discusses other work-related issues. Employees have a lot of daily feedback and seem to like it. However, no written performance appraisal forms are ever filled in. When it comes to pay raises and promotion, the manager makes his decisions and announces them…The Dubuque Cement Company packs 80-pound bagsof concrete mix. Time-study data for the filling activity are shown inthe following table. Because of the high physical demands of the job,the company's policy is a 23% allowance for workers.a) Compute the standard time for the bag-packing task.b) How many observations are necessary for 99% confidence,within ±5% accuracy?