24. Which of the following statements is correct? a. externalities are pathological when they have an indirect effect on the level of production or consumption of the other party b. A positive external effect occurs where the marginal external benefit is less than zero and the marginal cost benefit exceeds the marginal social benefit. c. A positive external effect occurs where the marginal external benefit is greater than zero and the marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal private benefit d. externalities are negative when the actions of an individual producer or consumer confer a positive benefit on another party free of charge

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