3. Assume that a firm which produces an output according to the following function is attempting to cost minimize in the long run. q= f(K, L) = (.5K¹/2 + .5L¹/2)1/2 a. Without solving the problem mathematically, set up the equation for scale elasticity and explain how you would use it to check whether this production function exhibits increasing, decreasing, or constant returns to scale. b. Compute this firm's cost minimizing (quantity constant) input demand functions. What are the firm's total cost and supply functions
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- Q1.The following is a Cobb-Douglas production function: Q = 1.75K0.6L0.5. What is correct here? * -This production function displays constant returns to scale -This production function displays increasing returns to scale -A one-percent change in L will cause Q to change by one percent -This production function displays decreasing returns to scale Q2. For studying demand relationships for a proposed new product that no one has ever used before, what would be the best method to use? * -consumer surveys, where potential customers hear about the product and are asked their opinions -double log functional form regression model -ordinary least squares regression on historical data -market experiments, where the price is set differently in two marketsQUESTION 1a. Is it possible to have diminishing returns to a single factor of production and constant returnsto scale at the same time? Discuss.b. Isoquants can be convex, linear, or L-shaped. What does each of these shapes tell you aboutthe nature of the production function? What does each of these shapes tell you about theMRTS?QUESTION 2a. A firm faces the following average revenue (demand) curve:P = 120 − 0.02Qwhere Q is weekly production and P is price, measured in cents per unit. The firm’s costfunction is given by C = 60Q + 25,000. Assume that the firm maximizes profits.i. What is the level of production, price, and total profit per week?ii. If the government decides to levy a tax of 14 cents per unit on this product, what will be thenew level of production, price, and profit?b. The United States currently imports all of its coffee. The annual demand for coffee by U.S.consumers is given by the demand curve Q = 250 – 10P, where Q is quantity (in millions ofpounds) and P is the…6. Which of the following are true (check all that apply) Note: IRTS=increasing returns to scale, CRTS=constant returns to scale, DRTS=decreasing returns to scale a. if the production function exhibits IRTS, then the cost function will exhibit economies of scale b. if the production function exhibits IRTS, then the cost function will exhibit diseconomies economies of scale c. if the cost function exhibits diseconomies of scale, then the producing function exhibits DRTS d. if the production function exhibits CRTS, then the cost function will exhibit constant economies of scale e. if the production function exhibits DRTS then the cost function will exhibit diseconomies of scale
- 1.A 15 per cent increase in all inputs leads to only a 5 per cent increase in the output. Are the returns to scale increasing, constant or diminishing? Illustrate your answer2.What is the slope of an iso-cost line equal to and why? Provide mathematical explanation3.“By definition, cost is zero if a firm does not hire any input. Hence cost-minimization essentially means shutting down the operation of the firm.” Do you agree with the statement? Justify you answer by giving an explanation from microeconomic theory.4.What is meant by an expansion path? Illustrate expansion paths for a normal input and an inferior input.1. Suppose that firm’s technology is given by the following production function: Q(K,L)= L1/2K1/2 The prices of inputs are w = 2 and r = 2. a) Does this production function exhibit increasing, decreasing or constant returns to scale? Prove your answer. b) Derive the equation of firm’s long-run total cost curve (TC(y)), the long-run average cost curve (AC(y)), and the long-run marginal cost curve (MC(y)).Can you please assist me with these? Why will firms in most markets be located at or close to the bottom of the longrun average cost curve? Distinguish between implicit and explicit costs. How is it possible to have positive accounting profit and negative economic profit concurrently? Distinguish between economies of scale and constant returns to scale. What shape will the long-run average cost curve have for economies of scale and constant returns to scale.
- Which statement must be false? a) When a firm has increasing returns to scale in production, its marginal cost curve will be downward sloping. b) When a firm has constant returns to scale, its total cost curve will be an upward sloping line. c) When a firm has diminishing returns to scale in production, its average cost curve will be upward sloping. d) Every firm faces eventually diminishing returns to scale, where its average cost curve reaches its minimum.Please answer all parts. Following is the information available for Bubble Gums produced by Bano and Co. Output (Q) Labor (L) Capital (K) Price 0 0 5 10 100 1 5 10 300 2 5 10 600 3 5 10 800 4 5 10 950 5 5 10 1,080 6 5 10 1,120 7 5 10 1,120 8 5 10 1,050 9 5 10 1,000 10 5 10 Define the production function in long run and short run. Find MPL and APL and exhibit it graphically. Identify all three stages of production. Assume you are the Economist for Bano and Co. decide how many labors would you hire to attain the firm’s objective and why.A firm engaged in the manufacture of RTWS faces the short-run production function Q = 250L - 5L², where L is the number of units of labor and Q is the number of RTWs produced annually. d.) How many RTWS can be produced by the firm in a year if there are 10 units of labor? e.) Compute the marginal product of the 40th unit of labor. f.) How many RTWs can be produced by the firm in a year if there are 40 units of labor? g.) Sketch the graph of the production function.
- Let f: Rn → R be increasing returns to scale. Recall, thismeans that f(αx) ≥ αf(x) for all x ∈ Rn and all α ≥ 1. Further, assume for some vector of inputs, profits are strictly positive. Argue that there is no profit maximizing vector of inputs.1. Suppose a firm’s cost function is given by C(q) = 20 + 10q − 4q^2 + q^3(a) What is fixed cost?(b) What is variable cost?(c) Compute average cost, average fixed cost, and average variable cost, assuming q > 0.(d) Derive marginal cost.(e) Solve for the shut-down level of production, qSD. (Hint: The minimum of a well-behavedcurve can be found by setting the first derivative equal to zero.)Homework 2.1 Suppose a business manager of the factory wants to assess in terms of elasticity of demand, whetherthe products that his business is producing are complement goods or substitute goods inconsumption. So please explain which are the factors need to consider the long-run average cost curve in terms of usage of input?