3. You are studying an interaction between an antibody and the antigen shown below. Theamine next to the benzene ring has a pKa of 10.5 and the carboxylic acid has a pKa of 4.2.Circle each of these functional groups on the molecule below.(b)Y NH₂HOB. Draw the structure of the antigen at pH 7.4.Santeita obleOHM-pra 1207731111SuishMSHJHOng bbsonings sd(3) ~misn11ال مام لهNorTesnprifto emen(JurisionAWASWaJudasC. There is one ionic bond and 3 hydrogen bonds that occur between the antibody andantigen. The ionic bond forms between a glutamate on the antibody and the protonated amineof the antigen. One of the hydrogen bond forms between a serine side chain on the antibodyand the carboxylic acid of the antigen. Draw the ionic bond, including the full chemicalstructure of the side chain of the antibody. Indicate the ionic bond with a wavy line.D. A mutation occurs in the antibody such that the serine described above changes to analanine. Do you expect the antigen to bind more or less tightly in the mutant compared to theoriginal? Briefly explain.

All ionizable groups have their characteristic pKa value. pKa is the pH at which half of all the…

Answered: 3. You are studying an interaction…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter45: Defenses Against Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5TYK

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1. A physician orders 800 mg of acyclovir IV q8h x10 days for a patient with shingles. Acyclovir comes in a powdered form in a 0.5 g vial, 10 mL. The directions state it should be reconstituted with 5 mL of normal saline. How many mL would contain the ordered dosage?
1) What is an obvious physical difference between an immunoglobulin (an antibody) and glucose (a monosaccharide)? 2) Draw a sketch of a method that could be used to separate immunoglobulins from glucose utilizing the physical differences between the molecules that you mentioned in question 1.
5. All antibodies are proteins. What protein property has favored their use as antibodies in preference to some other type of biomolecule?
An antibody binds to an antigen with a Kd of 5 × 10−8 M. At what concentration of antigen will Y be (a) 0.2, (b) 0.5, (c) 0.6, (d)0.8?
True or false 1. Heterogenous antibodies used for structural studies can be obtained by monoclonal hybridoma technique. 2. PrP(Sc) is largely alpha-helical structure.
1. Normal saline is isotonic to blood plasma. Another IV solution, called ½ Normal Saline is sometimes used. What would be the effect of this solution on red blood cells? 2. Barium sulfate is often used as a medical diagnostic tracer, however, it can only be administered orally, not by IV. Why isn’t it possible to administer this ionic compound intravenously?
Like many proteins that do their jobs outside of cells, immunoglobulin G is a glycoprotein. The oligosaccharide chains are attached to the “stem” of the Y-shaped molecule and are believed to help protect the protein. Based on your understanding of carbohydrates, explain why it would not make sense for the immunoglobulin’s two antigen-binding arms to have attached oligosaccharides
1. Antigens are made up of specific sequences of amino acids called ----- that determine their structure. A. epitopes B. multivalent sites C. paratropes D. constant regions 2. Which scenario best describes antibody cross-reactivity? A. A single pathogen with multiple epitopes is recognized by a multivalent antibody. B. Multipleepitopes are recognized by multiple antibodies C. A single epitope is recognized by multiple antibodies D. Two distinct, but structurally similar epitopes are recognized by the same antibody 3. What is the major benefit of cross-reactivity? A. Cross-reactivity permits the allergic response. B. Cross-reactivity promotes a faster immune response against unrelated pathogens. C. Cross-reactivity enhances immunity by providing protection against related pathogens. D. Cross-reactivity allows the immune system to respond to pathogens in various locations within the host (i.e., skin, mucosal tissues, extracellular fluids, etc.)
5. Note: These directions will help you collect data that will answer questions about different concentrations of a single chemical. If you have a different question, you will need to modify your data table, the data collected, and graph. 1. Identify at least 4 different concentrations of the chemical for which you wish to collect data. Type the name of your chemical at the top of the first column and record the concentrations in your data table. 2. For each concentration you will collect heart rate data for three different daphnia. a. Select a daphnia trial you wish to observe. b. Select a video speed at which you wish to count the heart beats of the daphnia. c. Count the heart beats in your selected video. d. Remember all of the videos show 15 seconds. Multiply your 15 second count by 4 to then have beats per minute for the units of heart rate. Record your heart rate calculation (bpm) in the table. e. The table is set-up to automatically calculate the average heart rate for…
SDS is a __________ that gives proteins a _____________ charge while SDS-PAGE separates proteins based upon their ___________. -chemical, negative, molecular mass -chemical, negative, charge -chemical, positive, charge How would you prepare 40 mL of a 1: 8,000 dilution of the antibody in a single step? a. 5 mL antibody added to 40 mL of TBST b. 8 mL antibody added to 40 mL of TBST c. 200μL antibody added to 40 mL of TBST d. 5μL antibody added to 40 mL of TBST On which molecule would you find an epitope? -antigen -antibody -dna polymerase -restriction enzyme In the Western blot performed, which of the following proteins is recognized by the primary (1st) antibody? a. BSA b. goat anti-rabbit c. rabbit anti-BSA Insufficient washing of the membrane during the immunodetection will cause weak or no signal from the blot. TRUE OR FALSE An agarose gel requires a specific orientation on the gel box in order to be poured. TRUE OR FALSE
1) If you have 2.5g of hydrocortisone POWDER, how many grams of a 0.05% ointment can be compounded? 2) How many mL of a 0.45% saline solution can be made with 6750 mg of sodium chloride? 3) Your pharmacy receives an order to compound 120 g of a 1.25% cream. How many mg of drug are required to compound this order? 4) Is it possible to make 1200 mL of a 30% dextrose solution with only 75 g of dextrose? 5) You are asked to compound a 15% zinc oxide cream. How many grams of this cream can you make using 30,000mg of zinc oxide? 6) Using 45g of acetic acid, how many mL of a 20% acetic acid solution can be made? 7) Calculate the percent strength of a solution when 8 g of drug is dissolved in 400 mL of solution. 8) Calculate the percent strength of a solution when 2.5 g of drug is dissolved in 750 mL of solution. 9) Calculate the percent strength of a solution when 5000 mg of drug is dissolved in 500 mL of solution.
4. "Selective NSAIDs can reduce inflammation and pain". Briefly explain this statement. Use your own words asap?

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