39. Consider the argument: Premise 1: p v – q Premise 2: - 9 Conclusion: p AGLIO C TTY Which truth values of p and q is the argument, written as a conditional, true? i. pis false; q is true ii, pis true; q is false iii. p is true; q is true A. i only B. ii only C. ii only D. i, ii and i

Q: 1.7 Applying Rules From the premises "p and not q" and "r and not s", we can derive the conclusion…

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Q: 1. Determine whether the following argument is a valid argument or a fallacy: q = p, ¬q F p.

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Q: Consider the argument "Q=(Sv R) (Qv R) → "P PAT "SAT The truth value of Sis and for Tis hence the…

A: Given, ¬Q⇒S∨RQ∨R⇔¬P To find, P∧T¬S∧T. As the argument contains the binary variables, suppose S=1.…

Q: Suppose P, Q, R, and S are propositions such that PAR is true and Qv S is false. Determine the truth…

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Q: Given the following proposition: - (~ (X v ~ Y) = (~ X ɔ ~A) v ~ (B• ~ A)) %3B Given that A and B…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions and we can answer one question. So answered question number…

Q: What is the validity of the argument? "Some MMW students passed the exam. Sheila is a MMW student.…

A: Arguments: stament and conclusions

Q: Are the statements -(p A q) and -p A -q logically equivalent? O True O False

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Q: If 5A[S ~(d→c)] is a premise then what is the truth value of Qd v p: O true O false O can't be…

A: given premise  s∧[s→~(d→~c)] we want to find the truth value of d∨p

Q: Let P(x,y) be xY = 1. If the universe of discourse consists of whole numbers, what are the truth…

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Q: Which conclusion will make a valid argument? "I am going to study for the examination or am going to…

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Q: 11. What are the truth values of (p A-q)a((-r v q)v-(rAp)) and (rA-s) A (r vs) respectively? p and a…

A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: y implication, P implies Q, the contrapositive of the implication is logically equivalent to P…

A: Introduction: a proposition or theorem formed by contradicting and swapping the subject and…

Q: 1. Determine the truth value of the compound statement given that p is a false statement, q is a…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions we will solve first one. For remaining questions you have…

Q: (1) Use either a truth table or logical equivalences to determine whether the following is a…

A: Note:- As per our guidelines, We’ll answer the first question and it's sub parts since the exact one…

Q: Consider the argument: Premise 1: p→q Premise 2: -r Premise 3: q vr Conclusion: r Write the above…

A: Since there are multiple questions posted, we will answer the first question posted (32). If you…

Q: p → r q → r -(p V q) .'. r

A: We can use truth tables to check if the statements are valid or not.

Q: 2. Make the following assumptions and find the truth value of the given compounds. A is true, B is…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 subparts, we'll answer the first 3. Please resubmit the question and…

Q: 3.7.15. (a) Is the statement P >Q logically equivalent to (¬P) → (¬Q) ? Explain. (b) Is the…

A: a)Is the Statement  p=>q logically equivalent to ~p=>~q ? Explain. b)Is the statement (p∧ q)∨r…

Q: Is the following argument valid or not? I recommend an abbreviated table. -P(a) ^ (¬Q(b) v Q(c)),…

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Q: Use the Law of Negative Inference to draw a valid conclusion for this argument. 1. If the weather is…

A: Law of Negative Inference P → Q       -Q       C.  ∴ - P

Q: Are the statements P → (Q ∨ R) and (P → Q) ∨ (P → R) logically equivalent?

A: The given statement is

Q: (pV-) → )へ(r→p)

A: The truth table of given argument.

Q: %#3 4 in 3. 4. 5. %23 9. % 8. 6. & ) cer * Previous uo O Valid Is the given argument valid or…

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Q: Let p and q be the following statements. p: It is sunny. q: Charmaine is at the park. Consider this…

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Q: Given the premise set Γ={p,q,r,s} and ϕ=(p∨q)∧r, what is the degree of essentialness of s for the…

A: Solution :The premise set Γ= {p,q,r,s} and ϕ= (p∨q)∧rThe equation mean is,(p or q) and r. It says…

Q: Identify following arguments as Valid or Invalid. Write 2 reasons.              (a) Abdullah is not…

A: We have to identify whether the given statements contradict each other or not

Q: Construct direct proofs to show that the following symbolic arguments are valid. Commas mark the…

A: Given: P→Q R→~S P v R (Q v ~S)→(~T v ~W) ~~T ∴ ~W

Q: Find the truth value of ~ (q →r) ^ p given that p and r are true, and q is false.   By De Morgan’s…

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Q: 1. Use the truth table to check the following are logical equivalence or not? a. p q =-pvq b. pAq(q)…

A: We will find the solution in the following step

Q: 5. For the given premises, determine a suitable conclusion so that the argument is valid. (a) p q, I…

A: Given

Q: IfrA(qvs) and r+W are both premises, then what is the truth value of W q? O true O false O can't be…

A: In this question we have to find the truth value of w->q.

Q: Consider the argument: Premise 1: p → q Premise 2: -r Premise 3: q v r Conclusion: r Write the…

A: The given argument is as follows. Premise 1: p→q Premise 2: -r Premise 3: q∨r Conclusion: r From the…

Q: 5. Use abbreviated truth tables to show that each of the following arguments 1) Pv-Q, -R • S),…

A: Note: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: 3.7.5. Let P(r) be the assertion "r is positive", and let Q(r) the assertion "r >I". (a) Is the…

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Q: 3.When you construct the truth table for  (p ∧ q) ∨ ~p , it is logically equivalent to?  Group of…

A: # we are entitled to solve three subparts at a time please resubmit the other parts if you wish to…

Q: 2. Determine whether the following argument is a valid argument or a fallacy: q = p, ¬q F q.

A: Solution

Q: 36. Consider the argument: Premise 1: p→ q Premise 2: -r Premise 3: q vr Conclusion: r Write the…

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Q: Consider the argument: Premise 1: p→q Premise 2: ~r Premise 3: qvr Conclusion: r Write the above…

A: If we are given with certain premises and a conclusion, it states that the meet of all the premises…

Q: I. Prove or disprove the following statement using the truth table. (p → ¬q) ^ (p → ¬r) = ¬[p ^ (q V…

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Q: Are the statements P → ¬Q AR and ¬P v (¬Q ^ R) logically equivalent? Explain why.

A: Let p and q be two propositions.  If the propositions p and q are logically equivalent, then they…

Q: Determine the truth value of the compound statement given that p is a false statement, q is a true…

A: Given that p is a false statement, q is a true statement and r is a true statement we have to…

Q: Consider the following argument: If I am either sleeping well or doing my assignments, then I will…

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Q: 1. Use the truth table to check the following are logical equivalence or not? a. p q =-pvq b.…

A: Ans is given below

Q: I. Prove or disprove the following statement using the truth table. (p → ¬q) ^ (p →¬r) = ¬[p ^ (q V…

A: The truth table of the ¬p, p∧q, p∨q,p→q p q ¬p p∧q p∨q p→q T T F T T T T F F F T F F T T F…

Q: Determine the valid conclusion, given the following premises: 1. -p v q vr 2. -4 3. -r Therefore, O…

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Q: Consider the argument: Premise 1: p→q Premise 2: ~r Premise 3: q v r Conclusion: r What is the…

A: Disclaimer: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If…

Q: Which statement is logically equivalent to (P→Q) O (Q→P) OPAQ OPV¬Q O¬¬Q

A:

Q: 35. Which of the following statements is a valid conclusion for the argument: No pirates eat…

A: Given statement is: "No pirates eat chicken."

Q: Is the statement -(-p A q) ^ (p v q) logically equivalent to q? O True O False

A: ~(~p^q)^(pvq)

Logic and Proofs

Discrete mathematics deals with the separated values of data such as integers. It is widely used in the practical field of computer science and mathematics. By knowing discrete mathematics one can improve their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. Discrete mathematics became popular after the boom of computers which operate in discrete steps and store data in discrete bits. It also useful in studying computer programming, algorithms, and cryptography.