Subject: Applied statistics and probability for engineers 4. An article in the Joumal of the Environmental Engineering Division ("Least SquaresEstimates of BOD Parameters" (1980, Vol. 106, pp. 1197-1202)| took a sample from theHolston River below Kingport. Tennessee, during August 1977. The biochemical oxygendemand (BOD) test is conducted over a period of time in days. The resulting data followI 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1618 20Time (days):BOD (mg/liter): 0.6 0.7 15 1.9 21 2.6 29 3.7 3.53.7 3.8a What is the estimate of o?b. What is the estimate of expected BOD level when the time is 15 days?5. A hypothesis wil be used to test that a population mean equals 10 against thealtemative that the population mean is more than 10 with known vaniance a. What is thecritical value for the test statistic Zo for the folowing significance levels?(a) 001(b) 0.05

Given that - An article in the Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division [Least Squares…

Answered: 4. An article in the Joumal of the…

Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction

4th Edition

ISBN:9781285463247

Author:David Poole

Publisher:David Poole

Chapter7: Distance And Approximation

Section7.3: Least Squares Approximation

Problem 31EQ

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Suppose 5 out of 25 data points in a weighted least-squares problem have a y-measurement that is less reliable than the others, and they are to be weighted half as much as the other 20 points. One method is to weight the 20 points by a factor of 1 and the other 5 by a factor of 1/2. A second method is to weight the 20 points by a factor of 2 and the other 5 by a factor of 1. Do the two methods produce different results? Explain.
1. An article included a summary of findings regarding the use of SAT I scores, SAT II scores, and high school grade point average (GPA) to predict first-year college GPA. The article states that "among these, SAT II scores are the best predictor, explaining 17 percent of the variance in first-year college grades. GPA was second at 15.3 percent, and SAT I was last at 13.6 percent." If the data from this study were used to fit a least squares line with y = first-year college GPA and x = high school GPA, what would the value of r2 have been? r2 =_______ 2. A study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the hardness of molded plastic (y, in Brinell units) and the amount of time elapsed since the plastic was molded (x, in hours). Summary quantities include n = 15, SSResid = 1,237.628, and SSTo = 24,619.737. Calculate and interpret the coefficient of determination. (Round the coefficient of determination to four decimal places when written as a decimal and 2 decimal…
The shape of the mean-variance frontier that results from the combination of a riskless and arisky asset is…..:a. Is U-shaped, tilted 90 degrees clockwise.b. Is a straight line passing from the mean-variance points of the two assets.c. Is a hyperbola.d. Consists of two straight lines, each connecting one of the two assets to a risk-freeportfolio
When we use a least-squares line to predict y values for x values beyond the range of x values found in the data, are we extrapolating or interpolating? Are there any concerns about such predictions?
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A problem with a telephone line that prevents a customer from receiving or making calls is upsetting to both the customer and the telephone company. The Sheet 8 contains samples of 20 problems reported to two different offices of a telephone company and the time to clear these problems (in minutes) from the customers' lines: test the Null hypothesis that the time to clear the problem doesn't significantly differ across to centers at the 0.03 level. Sheet 8 Location 1. Location 2 1,48 7,55 1,75 3,75 0,78 12,00 2,85 1,10 0,52 0,60 1,60 0,52 4,15 3,30 3,97 2,10 1,48 0,58 3,10 13,00 1,02 3,75 0,53 0,65 0,93 1,92 1,60 0,60 0,80 1,53 1,05 4,23 6,32…
under which conditions measuremnt error is problematic in terms of bias and inconsistency of the ordinary least squares(OLS) estimator.
Suppose a special type of small data processing firm is so specialized that some have difficulty making a profit in their first year of operation. what is the value of k?
When using the least-squares line for prediction, are results more reliable for extrapolation or interpolation? a. Interpolation, because we are predicting from data outside the range used to create the least-squares line. b. Extrapolation, because we are predicting from data outside the range used to create the least-squares line. c. Extrapolation, because we are predicting from data in the range used to create the least-squares line. d. Interpolation, because we are predicting from data in the range used to create the least-squares line.
9 What particular aspects of the SPSS output would you look at to make your decision about the best model?

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