4. Check if the following relations are partial order, or equivalence, or none. For the equivalence relations, find equivalence classes and par- tition, for partial orders, draw a Hasse diagram. (i) A= {a, b, c, d, e, f}, RA = {[a, a], [b, b], [c, c], [d, d], [e, e], [f, f], [c, d], [f, c], [d, f], [c, f], [d, c], [f, d]}, (ii) B={a, b, c, d, e, f}, RB={[a, a], [b, b], [c, c], [d, d], [e, e], [f, ƒ], [c, a], [b, a], [b, f], [c, d], [c, b], [a, d, f, d], [c, f}.
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- In each of the following parts, a relation is defined on the set of all human beings. Determine whether the relation is reflective, symmetric, or transitive. Justify your answers. xRy if and only if x lives within 400 miles of y. xRy if and only if x is the father of y. xRy if and only if x is a first cousin of y. xRy if and only if x and y were born in the same year. xRy if and only if x and y have the same mother. xRy if and only if x and y have the same hair colour.Draw the Hasse diagram for the following partial order. The domain is {A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H}. The relation is the set: { (C, B), (D, C), (C, F), (G, H), (F, B), (A, B), (D, F), (D, B), (D, A),(A, A), (B, B), (C, C), (D, D), (E, E), (F, F), (G, G), (H, H) } Give an example of two elements (from the given domain) that are incomparable under the given relation.Which of the following relations are equivalence relations on the given set S? (provide computations) a) S=R, and a~b <--> a=b or -b b) S=R, and a~b <--> a2+a=b2+b c) S is the set of all people in the world, and a~b means a lives within 100 miles of b. d) S=N, and a~b <--> ab is a square. For those relations that are equivalence relations, describe the equivalence classes.
- For nonempty sets A, B, and C, |A| <= |B| and |B| <= |C|, then |A| <= |C|. I know this is true because numerical equivalence is an equivalence relation. So do I prove this by showing an injection from A to C?Determine whether or not the following relations are equivalence relationson the given set. If the relation is an equivalence relation, describe the partition given by it. Ifthe relation is not an equivalence relation, state why it fails to be one.(2) m ∼ n in Q if mn ≥ 0Define the relation∼ on Nby m ∼ n if and only if the sum of the distinct primes that divide m is the same as the sum of the primes that divide n. For example, 12 ∼ 5 since the sum of the primes that divide 12 ( 2 + 3 ) is the same as the sum of the primes that divide 5 ( 5 ). Is ∼ an equivalence relation? Explain how you know, either providing a counterexample or briefly (not a full proof--examples are fine) explaining how you know ∼ is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive. If ∼is an equivalence relation, find a few elements of the following equivalence classes:
- Draw the Hasse diagram for the following partial order.Let A = {1,2,3,4}, B = {2,3,4,5}, and C = {2,4,6,8,10}. Suppose R is a 3-ary relation that is defined by the following rule: (a,b,c) is an element of R provided that a + 1 = b and b | c (meaning that b divides c with a remainder of zero), and where a ∈ A, b ∈ B, and c ∈ What triples are in the 3-ary relation R?