4. Do you agree with the statement that “the best strategy is to know what you should not do”? Try to justify your own view and possibly illustrate with a real world example
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4. Do you agree with the statement that “the best strategy is to know what you should not do”? Try to justify your own view and possibly illustrate with a real world example
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- It is the week before the Yule Ball Dance, and Victor and Ron are each contemplating whether to ask Hermione. As portrayed above, Victor moves first by deciding whether or not to approach Hermione. (Keep in mind that asking a girl to a dance is more frightening than a rogue bludger). If he gets up the gumption to invite her, then Hermione decides whether or not to accept the invitation and go with Victor. After Victor (and possibly Hermione) have acted, Ron decides whether to conquer his case of nerves (perhaps Harry can trick him by making him think he’s drunk Felix Felicis) and finally tell Hermione how he feels about her (and also invite her to the dance). However, note that his information set is such that he doesn’t know what has happened between Victor and Hermione. Ron doesn’t know whether Victor asked Hermione and, if Victor did, whether Hermione accepted. If Ron does invite Hermione and she is not going with Victor— either because Victor didn’t ask, or he did and she…7 my brother and I go out to dinner. There are two items on the menu – hamburgers ($7.5) and steak ($25). My brother and I each get $10 of enjoyment from hamburgers and $20 of enjoyment from steak. · What are the Nash equilibrium strategies/orders if we each pay for our own meal? · What are the Nash equilibrium strategies/orders if we split the final bill?2. Which words best complete the following sentence ? A rational decision maker always chooses the option for which marginal benefit is _______ marginal cost?
- 12.3 Armed Conflict: Consider the following strategic situation: Two rival armies plan to seize a disputed territory. Each army's general can choose either to attack (A) or to not attack (N). In addition, each army is either strong (S) or weak (W) with equal probability, and the realizations for each army are independent. Furthermore the type of each army is known only to that army's general. An army can capture the territory if either (i) it attacks and its rival does not or (ii) it and its rival attack, but it is strong and the rival is weak. If both attack and are of equal strength then neither captures the territory. As for payoffs, the territory is worth m if captured and each army has a cost of fighting equal to s if it is strong and w if it is weak, where s <w. If an army attacks but its rival does not, no costs are borne by either side. Identify all 12.7 Exercises • 267 the pure-strategy Bayesian Nash equilibria of this game for the following two cases, and briefly describe…You read about a traveling situation in which some airline passengers seem toget a “fast pass” through security and move effortlessly through the boarding process, while other passengers are waiting in long lines. In this example, the travellers who are moving quickly through the boarding process are probably: a) VIP passengers waiting longer more in an inconvenient lines b) Passengers who value time and convenience and are willing to pay additional fees for the privileges and other services c) Loyal passengers whom they knew beforehand in which line to go to avoid delays and inconveniences d) Government officials who are seated in the executive areaTheo and Addy are deciding what toys to pick out at the toy store. Depending on what toys they pick, they can play different games together, but they can’t coordinate their choices. They can’t talk to one another at all until after that make their choice. Below is their payout matrix which shows their utility for each choice. All the bold figures are for Theo and all the non bold figures are for Addy. Addy Strategies Theo Strategies Toy Gas Pump Jump Rope Toy food 20 10 10 3 Ball 7 3 9 4 a) If Theo chooses Toy Food, what would be the possible outcomes for Addy? What would be best for Addy? b) If Addy chose a Toy Gas Pump, what are the possible outcomes for Theo? What would be best for Theo? c) Does Addy have a dominant strategy? If yes, what is her strategy? If not how can you tell? d) Does Theo have a dominant strategy? If yes, what is her strategy? If not how…
- Anastasia, Emma, and Greta are deciding what to do on a weekend getaway. They each suggest a first, second, and third choice and then vote on the options. Table 18.2 shows their first, second, and third choice preferences. Explain why they will have a hard time teaching a decision. Does the group prefer mountain biking to canoeing? What about canoeing compared to the beach? What about the beach compared to the original choice of mountain biking?2. Using a payoff matrix to determine the equilibrium outcome Please helpProblem 4 A person has been mugged in the street by a thief, and there are n witnesses. All of the witnesses prefer someone else to chase the thief but none of them want to be the person trying to catch her. Each person gets 0 utility if the crime goes unreported, v if the crime is reported by someone else, and v −c if they report the crime. Moreover, we assume that the cost of chasing the thief is less than the utility of catching the thief: c < v. a. Define the strategic game described above. b. Find players’ best responses. c. Find the Nash equilibria of the game.
- 1) What are the Nash equilibria? Which one is unreasonable/non-credible threat? 2) What are the subgame perfect Nash equilibria? Does SPNE concept eliminate the unreasonable Nash equilibrium?w= 7 To which strategy t2 is the strategy t1 = 4 a best response? (If your answer is afraction, report it in lowest terms.)
