4. Using the thermodynamic information at 25.0°C provided answer the questions below.2Al(s) + 6H*(aq) → 2Al³+ (aq) + 3H₂(g)S°(J/mol K)SubstanceΔΗ, (kJ/mol)28.3Al(s)00H*(aq)0-321.7Al³+ (aq),-531.0130.7H₂(g)02.Determine the enthalpy in kl/molb. Determine the entropy in J/molk.C. Determine the entropy of the universe in J/molk.d. Determine the Free Gibbs Energy in kb/mol.e. Determine the Ecell in volts.f.Will this reaction be spontaneous at 25.0°C? Use your answers from parts c, d, and e forsupport.

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4. Using the thermodynamic information at 25.0°C provided answer the questions below. 2Al(s) + 6H*(aq) → 2Al³+ (aq) + 3H₂(g) S'(J/mol K) Substance ΔΗ, (kJ/mol) 28.3 Al(s) 0 0 H*(aq) 0 -321.7 Al³+ (aq), -53:1.0 130.7 H₂(g) 0 2. Determine the enthalpy in kl/mail. b. Determine the entropy in J/molk. C. Determine the entropy of the universe in J/molk.

4. Using the thermodynamic information at 25.0°C provided answer the questions below. 2Al(s) + 6H(aq) → 2Al³+ (aq) + 3H₂(g) S'(J/mol K) Substance ΔΗ, (kJ/mol) 28.3 Al(s) 0 0 H(aq) 0 -321.7 Al³+ (aq), -53:1.0 130.7 H₂(g) 0 2. Determine the enthalpy in kl/mail. b. Determine the entropy in J/molk. C. Determine the entropy of the universe in J/molk.

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter10: Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.50PAE: For the reaction NO(g)+NO2(g)N2O3(g) , use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate H and S. Then...

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Given the following information at 25C, calculate G at 25C for the reaction 2A(g)+B(g)3C(g) Substance Hf(kJ/mol) S(J/molK) A(g) 191 244 B(g) 70.8 300 C(g) 197 164 a 956 kJ b 956 kJ c 346 kJ d 346 kJ e 1.03 103 kJ
Define the following: a. spontaneous process b. entropy c. positional probability d. system e. surroundings f. universe
For the reaction NO(g)+NO2(g)N2O3(g) , use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate H and S. Then use those values to answer the following questions. (a) Is this reaction spontaneous at 25°C? Explain your answer. (b) If the reaction is not spontaneous at 25°C, will it become spontaneous at higher temperatures or lower temperatures? (c) To show that your prediction is accurate, choose a temperature that corresponds to your prediction in part (b) and calculate G . (Assume that both enthalpy and entropy are independent of temperature.)
Nickel metal reacts with carbon monoxide to form tetra-carbonyl nickel, Ni(CO)4: Ni(s)+4CO(g)Ni(CO)4(g) This reaction is exploited in the Mond process in order to separate pure nickel from other metals. The reaction above separates nickel from impurities by dissolving it into the gas phase. Conditions are then changed so that the reaction runs in the opposite direction to recover the purified metal. (a) Predict the sign of S for the reaction as written above. (b) Use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate H, S , and G for the reaction. (c) Find the range of temperatures at which this reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.
Indicate whether the following processes are spontaneous or nonspontaneous. (a) Liquid water freezing at a temperature below its freezing point (b) Liquid water freezing at a temperature above its freezing point (c) The combustion of gasoline (d) A ball thrown into the air (e) A raindrop falling to the ground (f) Iron rusting in a moist atmosphere
A key component in many chemical engineering designs is the separation of mixtures of chemicals. (a) What happens to the entropy of the system when a chemical mixture is separated? (b) Are designs for chemical separation more likely to rely on spontaneous or nonspontaneous processes?
Solid NH4NO3 is placed in a beaker containing water at 25 C. When the solid has completely dissolved, the temperature of the solution is 23.5 C. (a) Was the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Was the process spontaneous? (c) Did the entropy of the system increase? (d) Did the entropy of the universe increase?
What is the second law of thermodynamics? For any process, there are four possible sign combinations for Ssys and Ssurr. Which sign combination(s) always give a spontaneous process? Which sign combination(s) always give a non-spontaneous process? Which sign combination(s) may or may not give a spontaneous process?
One statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that heat cannot be turned completely into work. Another is that the entropy of the universe always increases. How are these two statements related?
What happens to the entropy of the universe during a spontaneous process?