5) The magnitude of residual stress in welding depends upon: (i) Metal melted or deposited (ii) Design of weldment (iii) Support and clamping of components (iv) Welding process used Which of the statements given above are correct? O (1), (ii) and (iv) O (1), (ii) and (ii) O (i) and (iii) O (ii) and (iii)
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- Assume that two 1.5-mm thick steel sheets are being spot welded at a current of 4000 A and current-flow time is 0.3 s. Using electrodes 5 mm in diameter, estimate the amount of heat generated and the amount of heat required to melt the weld nugget. Use an effective resistance of 350 un. Take u= 9,7 Joule/mm Which one of the following are correct? O a. If the electrodes were 7 mm diameter, the amount of heat generated would decrease b. The amount of heat generated by the equipment is between 1600 to 1700 Joules c. The equipment has enough power to weld the steel sheets. d. The equipment does not have enough power to weld the steel sheets e. The amount of heat required is between 700 and 750 JoulesA GTAW operation is performed on low carbon steel, whose unit melting energy is 10.3 J/mm3. The welding voltage is 22 volts and the current is 135 amps. The heat transfer factor is 0.7 and the melting factor is 0.65. If filler metal wire of 3.5 mm diameter is added to the operation, the final weld bead is composed of 60% volume of filler and 40% volume base metal. If the travel speed in the operation is 5 mm/sec, determine (a) cross-sectional area of the weld bead, and (b) the feed rate (mm/sec) at which the filler wire must be supplied.Can a tee weld be strong if the welds on both sides do not have deep penetration? Why or why not?
- It has been reported that gas–tungsten arc welds of aluminum made in the overhead position (assumed lap weld joint) tend to have a significantly higher porosity level than those made in the flat position: Explain why Sketch the general view of the overhead position Indicate where the (most probable) location of the porosityA cylindrical air-compressor tank with an inside diameter of 50 mm is to be designed to withstand safely a working pressure of 0.86 MPa. Boiler plate with an allowable tensile stress of 76 MPa. All seams will be butt welds with an expected efficiency of 100 percent. a.) Determine the force per lineal mm of longitudinal seam, b.) Determine the required thickness “t” of wall, c.) Determine the unit stress in the circumferential seam.Provide a reasonable explanation for the following observation: a welded component made of Al 6061-T6 alloy is routinely found to deform plastically first in the region adjacent to the weld joint despite the fact that the stress is nominally the same everywhere in the component. What solution would you propose to fix this problem, assuming that the weld joint cannot be eliminated from the design?
- Dynamic forces F1 = 4000N and F2 = 6000N are applied to the welded part shown in the figure as shown below. For dynamic forces, both dynamics are synchronized, and when the force in the y-axis direction is downward, it is on the right in the x-axis direction. When the force is up, the other force is on the left. The welded part is made of 1018 HR steel, 10 mm thick. a) Safety factor for welding? b) Calculate the safety factor for the base metal. (Electrode type for question is E9010.)The unit melting energy for a certain sheet metal is 10J/mm^3 .The thickness of each of the two sheets to be spot-welded is = mm. To achive required strength, it is desired to form a weldnugget that is =7 mm in diameter and 3.5 mm thick. The weld duration will be set at 44 sec .If the electrical resistance between the two surfaces is 144 micro-ohms and only one half the electricity generated will be used to form the weld nugget Determine the minium current level required in this operationGive detail classification of all weldin processes and their practical applications.
- An RSW operation is used to join two pieces of sheet steel having a unit melting energy of 8369.85 J/cm3. The sheet steel has a thickness of 0.3125 cm. The weld duration will be set at 0.25 sec with a current of 11,000 amp. Based on the electrode diameter, the weld nugget will have a diameter of 0.75 cm. Experience has shown that 40% of the supplied heat melts the nugget and the rest is dissipated by the metal. If the electrical resistance between the surfaces is 130 micro-ohms, what is the thickness of the weld nugget assuming it has a uniform thickness?For a cross section of a typical fusion-welded joint: (a) list all types of different zones in the joint and (b) Explain the different types of grain structure that formed during welding of metal.During arc welding, the heat input per unit length reduces, with increase of