5. Draw two bar graphs, one representing the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids present in the cell membrane and the other representing the amount of cholesterol present in the cell membrane. Each graph should include a bar for each of the following groups of organisms. The objective is to correctly represent what we would expect to see in the cell membranes of organisms adapted to different temperatures. Explain your graph and why you chose the ratios for each individual. A. Beetles that have lived for several generations in Alaska (far north = cold) b. Beetles that have lived for several generations in Kansas (warm) c. Beetles that have lived for several generations in South America (far south = = hot)

5. Draw two bar graphs, one representing the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids present in the cell membrane and the other representing the amount of cholesterol present in the cell membrane. Each graph should include a bar for each of the following groups of organisms. The objective is to correctly represent what we would expect to see in the cell membranes of organisms adapted to different temperatures. Explain your graph and why you chose the ratios for each individual. A. Beetles that have lived for several generations in Alaska (far north = cold) b. Beetles that have lived for several generations in Kansas (warm) c. Beetles that have lived for several generations in South America (far south = = hot)

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter4: Cells

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: Which of the following statements about proteins is correct? a. Proteins are transported to the...

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1. Which sugar is a monosaccharide? a. Maltose b. Glucose c. Sucrose d. Lactose 2. What does the fluid part of the fluid mosaic model represent? a. Constant movement of the hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane b. The thin layer of water that is sandwitched between the to layers of lipids c. Lipid molecules, which freely move among other lipids within the same half of the bilayer d. Free movement of cholesterol molecules within the membrane
4. Which one of the following requires an energy source? a. a large molecule transported with its concentrated gradient b. a large molecule transported using facilitated diffusion c. a large molecule that has to use pinocytosis d. a large molecule that chemically emulates water e. a large molecule that chemically emulates oxygen
1. It can separate large colloidal particles from small solute particles of a solution. a. Dialysis b. Facilitated diffusion c. Osmosis d. Diffusion 2. What force of interaction was cleaved in the addition of a reducing agent to the protein sample? a. Disulfide bonds b. hydrogen bond c. hydrophobic interactions d. ionic bond 3. The substance in the vinegar that dissolved the egg shell. a. calcium acetate b. calcium carbonate c. water d. acetic acid 4. As enzyme concentration increases, enzymatic activity increases provided the substrate concentration is constant. True or False 5. Diffusion is the separation of smaller molecules from larger molecules using a semi-permeable membrane. True or False
4. The use of ATP to move substances across a plasma membrane of a cell occurs in a) facilitated diffusion b) simple diffusion c) osmosis d) active transport 5. Which of the following is NOT true concerning enzymes? a) they increase the rate at which a reaction proceeds b) enzymes are specific for their substrates c) enzyme names usually end with the suffix “-ase” d) since an enzyme is modified by a reaction, a given enzyme molecule can be used only once 6. DNA is replicated during what part of the cell cycle? a) S phase b) mitosis c) meiosis d) cytokinesis
4. In the center box below, draw any generic cell membrane with at least 6 phospholipids in a neutral temperature environment 5. Now imagine that a cell with that membrane is exposed to a much hotter environment, but the composition of its membrane remains the same. In the box on the right, label if the membrane will be more fluid or more rigid in the hot environment compared to the neutral environment. 6. Starting again with a cell with the membrane in the neutral environment in the center, imagine that cell is exposed to a much colder environment, but the composition of its membrane remains the same. In the box to the left, label if the membrane will be more fluid or more rigid in the cold environment compared to the neutral environment. 6. Cold environment 4. Neutral environment 5. Hot environment More Fluid or Rigid (circle one) More Fluid or Rigid (circle one)
1. What are the forces that maintain structural integrity of biological membranes and explain how each force mentioned is formed in membrane lipids.
1. List the macromolecules found in raw broccoli. 2. Energy in food is reported in calories. What happens to water when you "burn" (or metabolize) a calorie of food?
Describe the 4 essential macromolecules that are important to all living things. Which two macromolecules primarily make up the membrane of the cell? How do these molecules contribute to the overall function of the cell membrane?
1)Suppose you were culturing a population of bacteria at 37 degrees C and then reduce the temperature of the culture to 15 degree C. Immediately upon the decrease in temperature what would happen to the membrane fluidity of the cells? The fluidity of the membrane decreases due to principles of thermodynamics. The fluidity of the membrane increases due to principles of thermodynamics. The fluidity of the membrane would be unchanged since membrane fluidity for each species is constant. 2) What property of a molecule will determine whether it facilitated across the membrane or simply diffuses across the membrane?Group of answer choices All of the above None of the above Its size Its polarity Its charge 3) To prepare 1L of a 15mM glucose solution, how much glucose would you use? (molecular weight of glucose: 180g/mole)Group of answer choices 0.15mol/L glucose 2.7g glucose 15g glucose 15 moles glucose 1 mole glucose
1. Why should the potassium salts of fatty acids yield soft soaps?
1. What is the specific chemical role for sugar, leavening reagent, proteins and fats in baking cookies?
1) Placing phospholipids in water will spontaneously form a spherical structure called a:Group of answer choices lumen ball sphingoid cytoskeleton liposome 2) Saturated fatty acidsGroup of answer choices Have each carbon "saturated" with hydrogen Have each carbon "saturated" with other carbons Have each carbon "saturated" with hydrogen and are solids at room temperature Are solids at room temperature Contain double bonds 3) In intestinal epithelia, glucose can be taken into cells against its concentration gradient. How can glucose be transported against its concentration gradient without the direct expenditure of ATP in intestinal epithelial cells?Group of answer choices It uses simple diffusion It uses the Glut1 transporter It uses the Glucose ATPase It uses the Glucose/Na+ symporter None of the above. Due to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, molecules cannot be moved against their concentration gradient.