5. Starting with propyne and any other reactants, show by equations the synthesis of: (a) 2-bromo-2-chloropropane (b) 1,2-dibromo-2-chloropropane (c) 1,1,2,2-tetrachloropropane 3. The following names are incorrect: State why each name is wrong and give the correct name (a) 3-methyl-3-butene (b) cis-3-pentene (c) cis-2-methyl-2-pentene
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
- 5. Starting with propyne and any other reactants, show by equations the synthesis of:
(a) 2-bromo-2-chloropropane
(b) 1,2-dibromo-2-chloropropane
(c) 1,1,2,2-tetrachloropropane - 3. The following names are incorrect: State why each name is wrong and give the correct name (a) 3-methyl-3-butene
(b) cis-3-pentene
(c) cis-2-methyl-2-pentene
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 3 images
