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- Guide Questions: Explain your answer and cite references in APA format. 1. What does mashing do to the fruit? 2. Why did you add detergents? 3. What do you think the ethanol does? Why can't we use room temperature ethanol? 4. To extract DNA from cells, what must you isolate it from in the case of a plant such as strawberry? 5. Look at your container, what do you see in the top portion of the liquid? 6. Is the DNA you extracted is pure? What are the possible impurities? 7. What can we do with the DNA once we have purified it? Discuss different techniques and technologies associated with this. 8. Imagine that there is an E. coli outbreak in your area, and you would like to test the kangkong from your local grocery store. How could you modify this protocol to extract DNA from the kangkong (to identify the species) and check for presence or absence of E. coli.? Keep in mind that (i) E. coli is free-living and not an endosymbiont, and (ii) plant cells are encased in both a cell membrane and…Transcribed Image Text:Complete the following tasks. You discovered that a species of bacteria can break down StyrofoamT (polystyrene) products due to an enzyme it produces, polystyrenase. You wish to study the gene that codes for this enzyme. Task 1: DNA Extraction To begin work on the bacterium, you begin by extracting its genomic DNA (GDNA). What is the purpose of the following procedures? Answer briefly but completely. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate, a detergent Answer: а. b. Adding RNase A and Proteinase K during extraction Answer: c. Adding ethanol before recovering the DNA extract С. Answer: Task 2: Polymerase Chain Reaction After purifying the gDNA extract, you want to isolate and amplify the polystyrenase gene. You perform PCR using the appropriate gene-targeted primers. What is the purpose of the following PCR components? Answer briefly but completely. DNA polymerase isolated from Thermus aquaticus Answer: а. b. Deoxynucleotide triphosphates (DNTPS) Answer: С. Forward and…uses of 1D and 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques.
- Task 3: Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Your amplicon from PCR was subjected to AGE for analysis. You are shown the image of the gel loaded with the following lanes: (A) negative control, (B) size ladder (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10 kb), (C) gDNA extract, (D) PCR amplicon. However, due to mishaps while loading the gel with the samples, you are not sure which lane is which. You are shown a diagram of the obtained gel below. a. b. Label each lane of the gel. Write only the corresponding letters in the wells above. Above each band in the size ladder, write its size (in kb). c.corresponding to the gene. Approximate the size (in kb) of the polystyrenase gene. Write your answer above the band Bonus: If you wish to identify the bacterial species in this scenario, what gene is most commonly and routinely sequenced?Answer: __________________________________Give the meaning of: in vivo & in vitro ; biopsy & autopsyProcedure 6: Respiration (Aerobic) 1. Obtain a small test tube of phenol red and carefully place six peas into the test tube with the dye. 2. Let the peas respire for 10-15 minutes. QUESTION 1. What color does the phenol red change to? Why?
- DNA Restriction, Electrophoresis 1. What are restriction enzymes? 2. How do restriction enzymes function? 3. Why are restriction enzymes important in biochemistry labs? 4. What is DNA Gel Electrophoresis? 5. How does DNA Gel Electrophoresis function? 6. Why is DNA Gel Electrophoresis important in biochemistry labs?Question:- All the necessary ingredients for the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are mixed together in a PCR tube and placed in the thermal cycler. The DNA polymerase is from Thermus aquaticus,the template is human DNA, and the primer is complementary to the gene for a human protein. What would result from amplification? Group of answer choices a.a mixture of human DNA, RNA, and protein b.human DNA c.human protein d.T. aquaticus DNA e.a mixture of human and T. aquaticus DNAQ21: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (Links to an external site.) is an essential technique for the study of DNA. PCR uses a DNA polymerase enzyme from Thermophilus aquaticus (Links to an external site.) to amplify DNA extracted from any sample. In order for the reaction to work, researchers must transfer microliters of sample to the reaction vessel for PCR. If a researcher has a DNA sample with a concentration of 0.2 micrograms per microliter, how many microliters of DNA must be transfered to conduct a 50 microliter reaction if the final concentration should be 2.3 nanograms per microliter? Report your answer to two decimal places using standard decimal notation (e.g. 0.5, not 5.0e-1)
- Electrophoretic Analysis of DNA via Agarose gel Electrophoresisquestion on plasmid minipreps and restriction digestion How does this procedure allow you to purify the plasmid DNA away from the chromosomal DNA?INSTRUCTION: = IF BOTH STATEMENT ARE TRUE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS TRUE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS FALSE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS FALSE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS TRUE = IF BOTH STATEMENTS ARE FALSE STAMENT 1: The term that refers to the synthesis of DNA using the information contained in RNA is called DNA replication STAMENT 2: The number of hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine is 3 ANSWER: STAMENT 1: If the %A of bacteria is 30%, then the % (G+C) of the bacteria is 40% STAMENT 2: The DNA is plectonemic because one of the strand go in 5’ to 3’ direction while the other go in the 3’ to 5’ direction ANSWER: STAMENT 1: DNA replication is conservative because one of the strands in the daughter DNA comes from the parent DNA STAMENT 2: In DNA replication, the strand copied into an mRNA is called the leading strand ANSWER: