6. Expected Utility. Consider a Princeton student who feels that a "normal" year on campus is like gaining SA, compared to taking the year off, which gives utility u(woff). But she fears Princeton will renege on its promise of a normal year, and move everything online; she feels that this is like losing $L (compared to a normal on-campus year). If she expects this to happen with probability p, (a) Write out the expected utility from enrolling. (b) Write out the expected utility from taking the year off. (c) Show: if the student chooses to take the year off, and is risk-loving, it must be that L>A/p.
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- Seung’s utility function is given by U = ln(C), where C is consumption. She makes $30,000 per year and enjoy jumping out of airplanes. There's a 5% chance that in the next year, she will break both legs, incur medical costs of $15,000, and lose an additional $5,000 from missing work. (a) What is Seung’s expected utility without insurance? (b) Suppose Seung can buy insurance that will cover the medical expenses but not the forgone part of her salary. How much would an actuarially fair policy cost, and what is her expected utility if she buys it? (c) Suppose Seung can buy insurance that will cover her medical expenses and forgone salary. How much would such a policy cost if it's actuarially fair, and what is her expected utility if she buys it?Seung's utility function is given by U - C^(1/2), where C is consumption and C^(1/2) is the square root of consumption. She makes $50,625 per year and enjoys jumping out of airplanes. There's a 5% chance that in the next year, she will break both legs, incur medical costs of $30,000, and lose an additional $5,000 from missing work. a. What is Seung's expected utility without insurance? b. Suppose Seung can buy insurance that will cover the medical expenses but not the forgone part of her salary. How much would an actuarially fair policy cost, and what is the expected utility if she buys it? Policy cost: $___ Expected utility: ___ c. Suppose Seung can buy insurance that will cover her medical expenses and foregone salary. How much would such a policy cost if it's actuarially fair, and what is her expected utility if she buys it? Policy cost: $___ Expected Utility: ___B. Richard's nickname is "No-Risk Rick" because he is an extremely risk-averse individual. His utility function is given by U(W) = √W. where W represents his current wealth in dollars. He currently has $100 worth of property, but there is a 50% chance that all of it will be stolen. What is Richard's expect wealth and expected utility of wealth? An insurance company offers to reimburse Richard for his loss if the money is stolen. What is the most that Richard would pay for such a policy? Explain. Please solve this with in 1 hour
- Jamal has a utility function U = W1/2, where W is his wealth in millions of dollars and U is the utility he obtains from that wealth. In the final stage of a game show, the host offers Jamal a choice between (A) $4 million for sure, or (B) a gamble that pays $1 million with probability 0.6 and $9 million with probability 0.4. (1) Does A or B offer Jamal a higher expected utility? Explain your reasoning with calculations. (2) Should Jamal pick A or B? Why? I would like help with the unanswered last parts of the questions.2. The cash flows for an investment project are listed below. the firm will invest if the present value of the cash flows is positive. Year 1 −200 Year 2 100 Year 3 120 Should the firm undertake this project: a. If the interest rate is 5 percent? b. If the interest rate is 10 percent? 5. Given the following information, calculate tobin's q statistic: Let's suppose that a company has one million outstanding shares of stock, each valued at $25. Let us suppose also that the replacement cost of its physical capital stock is $18 million. a. Should this firm invest (net) in more physical capital?The interest rate is 6 percent a year and you expect to receive $1,000 next year and the following year. What is the present value of $1,000 to be received next year? What is the present value of $1,000 tobe received in two years? The present value of $1,000 to be received next year is $ ____. >>>>Answer to 2 decimal places.
- 3.Suppose that you observed the following set of data: Average Business School tuition: $30,000 Average Salary for non-MBA’s: $50,000 per year Average MBA salary: $90,000 per year. The length of an MBA program is 2 years and is assumed that and MBA will have a working career of 20 years after graduation. Further, suppose that, instead of going to get an MBA,2you could keep your current non-MBA job and invest what you could have used to pay for tuition, risk free, at 4% per year.SHOW ALL YOUR WORKING.a) Is this set of data consistent with market equilibrium? Explain.b) If your answer to (a) is no, how will markets adjust?INV 1 5aiv Suppose that you have the following utility function: U=E(r) – ½ Aσ2 and A=3 Suppose that you have $10 million to invest for one year and you want to invest that money into ETFs tracking the S&P 500 (US) and S&P/TSX 60 (Canada) index, which are often used as proxies for the US and Canadian stock markets, respectively, and the Canadian one-year T-bill. Assume that the interest rate of the one-year T-bill is 0.35% per annum. You have found two ETFs that you are interested in. From a set of their historical data between 2001 and 2019, you have estimated the annual expected returns, standard deviations, and covariance as follows: ETFUS : E(r)= 0.070584 standard deviation = 0.173687 ETFCDA : E(r)= 0.073763 standard deviation = 0.16816 Covariance between ETFUS and ETFCDA = 0.02397 What is the standard deviation for ETFCDA?A person's utility function is U = C1/2 . C is the amount of consumption they have in a given period. Their income is $40,000/year and there is a 2% chance that they'll be involved in a catastrophic accident that will cost them $30,000 next year. a. Calculate the actuarially fair insurance premium. What would your expected utility be if you were to purchase the actuarially fair insurance premium? b. What is the most you would be willing to pay for insurance, given your utility function?
- Bond A pays $8,000 in 20 years. Bond B pays $8,000in 40 years. (To keep things simple, assume that theseare zero-coupon bonds, meaning the $8,000 is theonly payment the bondholder receives.)a. If the interest rate is 3.5 percent, what is the valueof each bond today? Which bond is worth more?Why? (Hint: You can use a calculator, but the ruleof 70 should make the calculation easy.)b. If the interest rate increases to 7 percent, what isthe value of each bond? Which bond has a largerpercentage change in value?c. Based on the example above, complete the twoblanks in this sentence: “The value of a bond[rises/falls] when the interest rate increases,and bonds with a longer time to maturity are[more/less] sensitive to changes in the interestrate.”Assume that the probability of having an accident in a year is 0.08. Suppose that your yearly income is 50,000 TRY and in case of an accident your income drops to 15,000 TRY. Your utility function is U(?) = ln (?) where C is consumption. a) What is your expected utility at the end of the year without insurance?b) Calculate an actuarially fair insurance premium for the full insurance. c) What would your expected utility be if you purchase a full insurance with actuarially fair premium? Will you buy this insurance, why or why not?10. What is the present value of a perpetuity of $100 if the appropriate discount rate is 7%? If interest rates in general were to double and the appropriate discount rate rose to 14%, what would happen to the present value of the perpetuity?