6. Let p be an odd prime. Show that a2 = a (mod p*), k > 2 has exactly two solutions if x2 = a (mod p) has two solutions, and no solutions if x² = a (mod p) has no solutions.

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter1: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
Section1.2: Exponents And Radicals
Problem 92E
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Can you do #6?
87
Polynomial Congruences
(c) x3 + 5x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 (mod 72)
12. Solve the following polynomial congruences.
(a) x? + 12x
- 17 = 0 (mod 143)
(b) r³ + 30x² + 27x + 23 = 0 (mod 45)
3. Determine, without using a computer, all integers x such that the last three
digits of x° are the same as those of x.
4. Let m = pi' P. Suppose the congruence f(x) = 0 (mod p) has
n; distinct solutions for 1 < i < k. Show that f(x) = 0 (mod m) has
nin2 · · · Nk distinct solutions.
5. Let p be an odd prime. Show that x² = 1 (mod p*) has exactly two solu-
tions for any k > 1.
6. Let p be an odd prime. Show that x² = a (mod p*), k > 2 has exactly two
solutions if x² = a (mod p) has two solutions, and no solutions if x² = a
(mod p) has no solutions.
7. This exercise determines the solutions to x2 = 1 (mod 2k), k > 1.
(a) Use a computer to determine the solutions for k =
you see a general pattern?
(b) Use the technique of Theorem 3.4.6 to construct the solutions to x² =
1 (mod 16) from the set of solutions to æ² = 1 (mod 8). Which
solutions of x² = 1 (mod 8) give solutions to x2 = 1 (mod 16)
and why?
= 1, 2, ..., 10. Do
(c) Construct solutions to x? = 1 (mod 32) from those of x2 = 1
(mod 16). Which solutions of x2 = 1 (mod 16) extend to solutions
of x2 = 1 (mod 32)? Do you see a pattern in these computations
that will allow you to prove your guess from part (a)?
(d) Determine all the solutions to x² = 1 (mod 2*), k > 5.
8. How many solutions does the conaruenon
Transcribed Image Text:87 Polynomial Congruences (c) x3 + 5x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 (mod 72) 12. Solve the following polynomial congruences. (a) x? + 12x - 17 = 0 (mod 143) (b) r³ + 30x² + 27x + 23 = 0 (mod 45) 3. Determine, without using a computer, all integers x such that the last three digits of x° are the same as those of x. 4. Let m = pi' P. Suppose the congruence f(x) = 0 (mod p) has n; distinct solutions for 1 < i < k. Show that f(x) = 0 (mod m) has nin2 · · · Nk distinct solutions. 5. Let p be an odd prime. Show that x² = 1 (mod p*) has exactly two solu- tions for any k > 1. 6. Let p be an odd prime. Show that x² = a (mod p*), k > 2 has exactly two solutions if x² = a (mod p) has two solutions, and no solutions if x² = a (mod p) has no solutions. 7. This exercise determines the solutions to x2 = 1 (mod 2k), k > 1. (a) Use a computer to determine the solutions for k = you see a general pattern? (b) Use the technique of Theorem 3.4.6 to construct the solutions to x² = 1 (mod 16) from the set of solutions to æ² = 1 (mod 8). Which solutions of x² = 1 (mod 8) give solutions to x2 = 1 (mod 16) and why? = 1, 2, ..., 10. Do (c) Construct solutions to x? = 1 (mod 32) from those of x2 = 1 (mod 16). Which solutions of x2 = 1 (mod 16) extend to solutions of x2 = 1 (mod 32)? Do you see a pattern in these computations that will allow you to prove your guess from part (a)? (d) Determine all the solutions to x² = 1 (mod 2*), k > 5. 8. How many solutions does the conaruenon
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