6.4 The polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1.0 M in benzene) is carried out using a photosensitizer and 3130 Å light from a mercury lamp. If the quantum yield for radical production in this system is 0.50 and light is absorbed by the system at the rate of 10° ergs/L-s, calculate the rate of initiation. [Ans. 2.6x10-8 mol L-s-]
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- The following data was obtained for the adsorption of an organic compound (S), on activated carbon from an aqueous solution of molar concentration Co, at 18 °C: Data: Molecular weight of S: 58 g/molWhich isotherm best represents the data: Langmuir, Freundlich, or BET?The atomic hydrogen exists in space at an estimated concentration of one particle per cubic meter. If the collision diameter is 2.5 ×10^(–10) meter and the temperature is 2.7 Kelvin, how many kilometers away will the next potential collision be?The diffusivity of iron atoms in the BCC atoms in the BCC Fe lattice is 4.2*10-23m2/sec at 400oC and 5.6*10-16m2/sec at 800oC. Calculate the activation energy in kilojoules per mole for the diffusion of iron atoms in the BCC Fe lattice in the temperature range.(upto two decimal places)
- A partially submerged tank is leaking 1 g/day of heptachlor into a pond (V = 30,000m3).a) Given a first order decay rate coefficient k of 0.35/day and assuming complete mixing,what would the steady-state concentration of heptachlor be in the ponda) Give an example of an old Ziegler-Natta catalyst and indicate twodisadvantages compared to the newer catalysts.b) Describe the four components of modern Ziegler-Natta catalystsc) Describe the mechanism of the ethylene polymerization reactionconsidering an octahedral site of titaniumd) Describe the particle size of the polymer.Which of the following linear plots do you expect for areaction A----->products if the kinetics are (a) zero order,(b) first order, or (c) second order?
- Three large proteins are ionized at the pH at which an electrical FFF separation is carried out. (i) if the ions are designated A2+, B2+, and C3+, predict the order of elution. (ii) What is FFF? (iii) List the four subtechniques of FFF.A research group discovers a new version of happyase, which they call happyase*, that catalyzes the chemical reaction The researchers begin to characterize the enzyme. a)In the first experiment, with [Et] at 4 nM, they find that the Vmax is 1.6 μM s-1. Based on this experiment, what is the kcat for happyase*? (Include appropriate units.) b)In another experiment, with [Et] at 1 nM and [HAPPY] at 30 μM, the researchers find that V0300 nM s-1. What is the measured Km of happyase* for its substrate HAPPY? (Include appropriate units.) c)Further research shows that the purified happyase* used in the first two experiments wasactually contaminated with a reversible inhibitor called ANGER. When ANGER is carefully removed from the happyase* preparation, and the two experiments repeated, the measured Vmax in (a) is increased to 4.8 μM s-1, and the measured Km in (b) is now 15 μM. For the inhibitor ANGER, calculate the values of αand α’.DEQ: A fungal specie of cordyceps turns humanity into a zombie-like state. The rate of growth of a singlecordyceps was observed and was determined to be proportional to itself. If between noon and 2:00PM, the population triples, at what time, no controls being exerted, should the cordyceps becomes 100times what it was in noon?
- A solution of 100 g / L of acrylamide in methanol is polymerized at 25 ° C with 0.1 mol / Lof isobutyryl peroxide whose half-life is 9.0 h at this temperature and the efficiency inmethanol is 0.3. For acrylamide, kp2 / kt = 22 L / mol * s at 25 ° C and the termination is onlyby coupling. (a) What is the rate of polymerization, Rp? (b) How much polymer ishave you prepared in the first 10 minutes of reaction in 1 L of solution?The rate of photodecomposition of the herbicide piclo- ram in aqueous systems was determined by exposure to sunlight for a number of days. One such experiment produced the following results. (Data from R.T. Hedlun and C.R. Youngson, “The Rates of Photodecomposition of Picloram in Aqueous Systems," Fate of Organic Pesticides in tbe Aquatic Environment, Advances in Chemistry Series, #111, American Chemical Society (1972), 159—172.) Exposure Time, t (days) [Pidoram] (mol L_1) 0 4.14 X 10-6 7 3.70 X 10-6 14 3.31 X 10-6 21 2.94 X 10~6 28 2.61 X 10~6 35 2.30 X 10-6 42 2.05 X 10-6 49 1.82 X 10"6 56 1.65 X 10-6 Determine the order of reaction, the rate constant, and the half-life for the photodecomposition of picloram.The company performs accelerated ageing studies in which a suspension of D is stored at different temperatures. They obtain the degradation rate constants in the table below. Calculate the rate constant for degradation at 25 ºC. (45 % of marks) T / ºC k / d-1 40 0.28 50 0.56