7) According to New Keynesian theory, economic shocks can arise as a result of: O A) Microeconomic imperfection B) Lack of government spending on durable goods OC) Monetary neutrality OD) Excess monetary reserves
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- 7. Assuming Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply are initially at ADo and ASo respectively, and AD1 and AS1 represent changes, which of the above graphs depict the work of Keynesian macroeconomic policy? a) Figures A & B b) Figures A & C c) Figures C & D d) Figures B & DQUESTION 6 06. Which of the following statements about Keynesian policy are TRUE? a) Keynesian policy is most effective in the flat Keynesian (or Depression) range of the Short-Rum Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, where increases in Aggregate Demand are not likely to cause products price inflation. b) Keynesian policy is totally ineffective in the vertical Classical (past-full employment) range of the Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, where an increase in Aggregate Demand will be completely dissipated by products price inflation. c) In the Intermediate range of the Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, the effectiveness of Keynesian policy is partially dissipated by products price inflation. d) The Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve may will be vertical when the economy is trying to produce beyond full employment. But a vertical AS curve can also result from resource suppliers acting on inflationary expectations. This too will make Keynesian…QUESTION 6 06. Which of the following statements about Keynesian policy are TRUE? Multiple answers a) Keynesian policy is most effective in the flat Keynesian (or Depression) range of the Short-Rum Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, where increases in Aggregate Demand are not likely to cause products price inflation. b) Keynesian policy is totally ineffective in the vertical Classical (past-full employment) range of the Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, where an increase in Aggregate Demand will be completely dissipated by products price inflation. c) In the Intermediate range of the Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve, the effectiveness of Keynesian policy is partially dissipated by products price inflation. d) The Short-Run Aggregate Supply (AS) curve may will be vertical when the economy is trying to produce beyond full employment. But a vertical AS curve can also result from resource suppliers acting on inflationary expectations. This too will…
- Question 1 a) In light of the New Keynesian model, answer each of the following questions about the Central Bank’s adjustment of interest rate in response to each of the following shocks. Note that in each case, the Central Bank wants the output gap to be zero. (i) There is an increase in demand for money. (ii) There is a fall in current total factor productivity due to the pandemic. (iii) There is an expected increase in future total factor productivity due to the discovery of new technologies. b) In the New Keynesian model, assume that the economy is in a liquidity trap. Show that the Central Bank could somehow convince the public of more expected inflation in the future. Use an appropriate set of diagrams to explain your answers.Subject : PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS Q1. Explain what are the lags in macroeconomic policies. Do these lags have more effect on monetary policy or fiscal policy and why?Question Two As an investment advisor, you have been requested to advise a client on whether he should invest his ten million dollars in Zambia or in South Africa. What key theory would you apply to advise the client on the short term and medium term implications of investing locally and abroad? The Government of Zambia has decided to pursue a dual mandate of price stability and economic growth in the conduct of monetary policy. Advise on the possibility of the country achieving both price stability and economic activity stability in the case of a temporary supply shock. Ensure to demonstrate this with the aid of the Aggregate Demand and Aggregate supply framework.
- Question 6 Indicate whether each view follows the traditional (neoclassical) view of money, banking, and capitalist economies, or the (post)Keynesian view. Question 6 options: Money precedes production Production precedes money The level of investment depends most significantly on expectations ('animal spirits') Loans create the money necessary to invest, and therefore to produce and generate an income to deposit into banks. (loans create deposits) Deposits into banks create the funds that get loaned out. (deposits create loans) The level of investment depends most significantly on the interest rate Money developed through rational, private actors in an attempt to economize on transaction costs 1. Traditional (neoclassical) 2. (Post) KeynesianThe impact of Keynesian Policy can be diminished by secondary effects such as: a)Inflation – to the extent increasing Aggregate Demand causes inflation the impact on expanding the economy is dissipated by higher product prices b)Crowding-out effect of expansionary fiscal policy - To the extent expansionary Keynesian policy requires a government budget deficit and if this is financed by government borrowing, it may lead to rising interest rates, which will decrease private borrowing to finance investment spending as well as some consumption spending. c)Crowding out effect of monetary policy – As Expansionary policy leads to greater spending, the demand for money for transactions purposes (to buy products) increases, which may increase the interest rate which will crowd out private spending. d)All the above e)(a) and (b) only1. We have discussed two models that describe the relationship between inflation and economic growth. Which of the following is a property of the New Keynesian Model but NOT the Real Business Cycle (RBC) Model? a) Monetary policy has no effect on long run economic growth b) Recessions can be caused by a fall in aggregate demand. c) Prices are fully flexible in both the short and long run. d) All the above are properties of the RBC model. e) None of the above are properties of the New Keynesian model. 2. Consider both/either model of inflation and economic growth. In the long run, lower rates of money supply growth result in: a) higher GDP growth. b) lower GDP growth. c) higher inflation. d) lower velocity growth. e) lower inflation. 3. In the RBC model, if you observe unemployment levels rising, what is the likely cause? a) A negative real shock b) A negative aggregate demand shock c) A negative SRAS shock d) A&B only e) None of the above
- In the New Keynesian model, how should the central bank change its target interest rate in response to each of the following shocks? Use diagrams and explain your results. There is a shift in money demand. Total factor productivity is expected to decrease in the future. Total factor productivity decreases in the present.Consider an economy that is initially in its long-run equilibrium. Suppose this economy suffers a temporary negative supply shock. If the central bank’s sole objective is to stabilize output in the short-run, then what will happen after the central bank has responded according to its objective? A. Inflation will be lower, output will back at its original level B. Inflation will be lower, output will be lower C. Inflation will be higher, output will be higher D. Inflation will be lower, output will be higher E. Inflation will be higher, output will be lower F. Inflation will be higher, output will back at its original levelSuppose the economy of a hypothetical country has reached its long-run macroeconomic equilibrium when each of the following aggregate demand shocks occurs. The economy of a hypothetical country has been stable for two or three years with very low unemployment. Wages have been gradually increasing during this time. Now stock market prices begin significant increases, causing peoples’ investments, such as their retirement accounts and other investments, to increase in value. People feel very good about the future and use their new-found wealth to buy things that they had been hesitant to purchase in the past. Describe, in a short essay inserted below these questions, how the economic situation will change and how the government could best respond to these changes. Include detailed answers to the following questions in your essay: What kind of economic gap will start to occur (inflationary or recessionary)? What kind of fiscal policy might be helpful to stabilize the economy…