*7. 00 A copper-constantan thermocouple generates a voltage of 4.75 x 10- volts when the temperature of the hot junction is 110.0 °C and the refer- ence junction is kept at a temperature of 0.0 °C. If the voltage is propor- tional to the difference in temperature between the junctions, what is the temperature of the hot junction when the voltage is 1.90 × 10-³ volts?
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- Unreasonable results. (a) Find the temperature of 0.360 kg of water, modeled as an ideal gas, at a pressure of 1.01105 Pa if it has a volume of 0.615 m3. (b) What is unreasonable about this answer? How could you get a better answer?A thermocouple, with a spherical junction diameter of 0.5 mm, is used for measuring the temperature of hot air flow in a circular duct. The convection heat transfer coefficient of the air flow can be related with the diameter (D) of the spherical junction and the average air flow velocity (V) as h = 2.2(V/D)0.5, where D, h, and V are in m, W/m2?K and m/s, respectively. The properties of the thermocouple junction are k = 35 W/m?K, r = 8500 kg/m3, and cp = 320 J/kg?K. Determine the minimum air flow velocity that the thermocouple can be used, if the maximum response time of the thermocouple to register 99 percent of the initial temperature difference is 5 s.A walrus transfers energy by conduction through its blubber at the rate of 150 W when immersed in −1.00ºC water. The walrus’s internal core temperature is 37.0ºC , and it has a surface area of 2.00 m2 . What is the average thickness of its blubber, which has the conductivity of fattytissues without blood?
- A 0.3-cm-thick, 12-cm-high, and 18-cm-long circuit board houses 80 closely spaced logic chips on one side, each dissipating 0.06 W. The board is impregnated with copper fillings and has an effective thermal conductivity of 16 W/m·K. All the heat generated in the chips is conducted across the circuit board and is dissipated from the back side of the board to the ambient air. Determine the temperature difference between the two sides of the circuit board.Compute the density for copper at 480C given that its room temperature (20C) density is 8.89g/cm3. Assume that the volume coefficient of thermal expansion, a_v is equal to 3_. See table for a_1 values.A copper rod, an aluminum rod, and a brass, each 6.00 m in length and 1.00 cm in diameter, are placed end to end with the aluminum rod between the other two. The free end of the copper rod is maintained at the water’s boiling point, and the free end of the brass rod is maintained at the water’s freezing point. If T1 and T2 are steady-state temperature copper-aluminum junction and aluminum-brass junction respectively. Where TC is the temp at the freezing point of water and TH is the temp at the boiling point of water. Show that the steady-state temperature for (a) the copper-aluminum junction and (b) the aluminum-brass junction are the following. Picture T1 is for the copper-aluminum junction. Picture T2 is for the aluminum-brass junction.
- A copper rod, an aluminum rod, and a brass, each 6.00 m in length and 1.00 cm in diameter, are placed end to end with the aluminum rod between the other two. The free end of the copper rod is maintained at the water’s boiling point, and the free end of the brass rod is maintained at the water’s freezing point. If T1 and T2 are steady-state temperature copper-aluminum junction and aluminum-brass junction respectively. Where TC is the temp at the freezing point of water and TH is the temp at the boiling point of water. Show the derivation of the equation in picture A and picture B for computing its steady-state temperature of copper-aluminum junctionaluminum-brass junction.A copper rod, an aluminum rod, and a brass, each 6.00 m in length and 1.00 cm in diameter, are placed end to end with the aluminum rod between the other two. The free end of the copper rod is maintained at the water’s boiling point, and the free end of the brass rod is maintained at the water’s freezing point. If T1 and T2 are steady-state temperature copper-aluminum junction and aluminum-brass junction respectively. Where TC is the temp at the freezing point of water and TH is the temp at the boiling point of water. Show the derivation of the equation in picture A and picture B for computing its steady-state temperature of copper-aluminum junctionaluminum-brass junction respectively.In an experiment, the temperature of a hot gas stream is to be measured by a thermocouple with a spherical junction. Due to the nature of this experiment, the response time of the thermocouple to register 99 percent of the initial temperature difference must be within 5 s. The properties of the thermocouple junction are k = 35 W/m·K, r = 8500 kg/m3, and cp = 320 J/kg·K. If the heat transfer coefficient between the thermocouple junction and the gas is 250 W/m2·K, determine the diameter of the junction.
- A copper rod, an aluminum rod, and a brass rod, each of6.00 m length and 1.00 cm diameter, are placed end to end with thealuminum rod between the other two. The free end of the copperrod is maintained at water’s boiling point, and the free end of thebrass rod is maintained at water’s freezing point. What is thesteady-state temperature of (a) the copper–aluminum junctionand (b) the aluminum–brass junction?An interstate highway is made of concrete slabs 25 m long placed end to end. (a) Whatexpansion gap must be left between the slabs to prevent buckling when the temperaturechanges from 20 oC to 50 oC? (b) Starting with the gap calculated in part (a), find the gapwhen the temperature decreases to -20 oC.What is the relationship between the heat capacity at constant pressure and temperature at near absolute zero? Cp approaches zero as the temperature approaches zero Cp is directly propotional to the cube of the absolute temperature The value of Cp approaches the value of Cv Cp is directly proportional to the absolute temperature raise to gamma