8) An apple of mass m is thrown horizontally from the edge of a cliff of height H, as shown to the right. What is the kinetic energy of the apple just before it hits the ground? a) ½ mv, ? + mgH b) ½ mv, - mgH c) mgH d) % mv, 2 e) mgH- ½ mv, 2_

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Q: . How much farther would the force

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Helmholtz Free Energy

The Helmholtz free energy is a thermodynamic potential used to calculate the measure of useful work from a closed system. This system is kept at constant temperature and volume. German physicist Hermann Helmholtz introduced this concept in 1882.