8. A. Use Excel (or another graphing program) to draw the growth curve, In (X/X.) vs time, for bacteria grown in a 20 L suspension cell culture, given the following data: - initial concentration: 0.120 gdw cells/L Also report: - lag time: 1.5 hours - mass doubling time during exponential growth: 250 minutes - duration of exponential growth phase: 1 day (24 hours) - negligible time in the deceleration phase - 13 hours in the endogenous metabolism phase with no change in cell concentration - cell death rate with k = 0.0178 min -¹. B. What is the specific growth rate, μ? C. What is the maximum concentration of cells in the reactor? (gdw cells/L) and when does this occur? D. Other than time zero or the end of lag phase, at what time is the concentration of living cells in the reactor equal to the initial concentration of 0.120 gdw/L?
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- Based on the growth curve, which ONE of the following best describes what would happen if sample of culture in the presence of drug B is inoculated onto drug-free growth medium? Select one: A. Growth present, but cell count increased by at least 99.9% of the original culture B. No growth after 24 hrs C. Growth at 24 hrs D. Not possible to predict because the culture could either be alive or dead E. Growth present, but cell count reduced by at least 99.9% of the original culturet /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301 I introduce a loopful of Escherichia coli cells (say, 1000) into 10 mL of Nutrient Broth at 8 p.m. the night before your lab. The cells were taken from a culture plate (Nutrient Agar) held at 37°C, and inoculated into broth at the same temperature. They were held at 37°C overnight in a shaking water bath. At what time would the culture reach the Stationary Phase? Recall that doubling time under optimal conditions (these are) is 20 minutes. A growing bacterial culture has 10,000 CFU/mL at noon and 10,000,000 CFU/mL at 6 p.m. What is the generation time under these conditions? What are your assumptions? At midnight you inoculate 10 mL of a culture of Enterococcus with 103 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same medium, held under the same conditions as the original culture. At what time would the culture reach 107 cells/mL? Assume exponential growth over the period. Assume that g=half an hour. Note: We worked a different variant of this problem in…You are cultivating Escherichia coli in a chemostat culture. The maximum specific growth rate (µmax) of E. coli that you can reach is known as 1.0 h-1 at your culture conditions. Describe what you would observe for each condition if you have the following settings: F (flow rate of the fresh medium into the bioreactor vessel) (L/h) V (Volume of the liquid culture in the bioreactor vessel) (L) a) 1 1 b) 5 4 c) 1 2
- 1. There are many ways you can accomplish a 1000-fold dilution. Propose 3 different serial dilution methods that will accomplish a dilution with a 1:1000 dilution factor. 2. Suppose you count 35 bacterial cells from a solution that has gone through the following serial dilutions: two 10-fold dilutions, followed by a 5-fold dilution, followed by 2-fold dilution. What should be the bacterial count from the original solution? Show your work! 3. When making a dilution you need to put different volumes of the stock solution and the buffer. Suppose you are doing a 2-fold dilution, where both volumes are the same. Will you use the same pipette tip to extract the stock and the buffer solution? Explain your reasoning.4) You are interested in the total bacterial load of the bat guano. In order to determine this, you go back to your original broth culture and prepare a dilution series. You then spread 100 ml of each dilution onto 3 separate plates. You obtain the following results: Plate 1, 10 -1 dilution: 362 colonies Plate 2, 10 -3 dilution: 76 colonies Plate 3, 10 -5 dilution: 8 colonies. Based on your results, calculate the CFUs/ml in your original broth culture. show your work4. All the following can be autoclaved EXCEPT: a) Biological material b) Glass ware c) Radioactive material d) Broth and gel media for growing bacteria5. The autoclave raises the atmospheric pressure to _____ : a) 10 psi b) 15 psi c) 20 k joules d) 25 watts6. In the experiment with serial dilutions, the plates which should be used for the final count for colonies should have a range of _______ CFU in order to have a reliable estimate: a) <10 b)10-15 c) 15-20 d) none of the above
- 16. Enriched media boosts the growth of a particular bacterial species. a) Trueb) FalseYou spread 0.1 mL volume of a 10^(-6) dilution onto a nutrient agar plate. After 24 hours of incubation at 37°C, there were 280 colonies of bacteria on the plate. A.) What is the original concentration (OCD) of bacteria in the stock sample this dilution came from? B.) Using the OCD value from part A, determine the number of colonies that would be expected to grow on a plate that is inoculated with 0.1 mL volume of 10^(-8) dilution from this same stock of bacteria. Show your work for both.If in 5 hours, your bacterial culture went from a concentration of ~105 CFU/mL to ~1.6 x 106 CFU/mL, what is the best estimate of the doubling time of that species in those culture conditions (based on these numbers)? A. ~1 hour B. ~75 minutes C. ~150 minutes D. ~8 hours E. ~2 hours
- 3b)A plant suspension culture was used to study the effect of three types of media on the growth of the culture using batch culture approach. Figure 3.1 shows the growth of the plant suspension cultures using Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg B5 and Vacin and Went media. Comment and conclude on the results obtained. Suggest which is the most suitable medium to maintain the suspension cultures with justification.1. How is UV radiation a good type of control mechanism against microbial growth? Please explain what happens to the microbe and effects this control causes. 2. Suppose you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and tetracycline. You record diameters of 20mm for tetracycline and 24mm for penicillin. Which antibiotic is most effective against this bacterium and why? Please explain and interpret these results. 3. Please provide the scientific name of your microbe that was used in the UV experiment (i.e. S. aureus). Compare your plates and interpret/analyze your results. Please discuss your findings and any patterns you were able to gather. 4. After performing the “Effects of Antiseptics & Disinfectants” lab which agent(s) showed potential to control S. marcescens growth? P. aeruginosa? Please explain why you believe these agent(s) work. 5. What purpose does water serve in the “Effects of Antiseptics & Disinfectants” lab? What did you…1 (a)Why is the spectrophotometer set at 0.000 absorbance for the uninoculated tube of broth? (B) Why can't you use the same plot (or standard curve) of plot of absorbance versus cell count for Escherichia coli for other bacteria? (C)List 3 advantages of estimating microbial numbers or biomass by the turbidimetric method? (C)(ii)List 2 disadvantages of this method? (D) Can you measure all kinds of microbes this way? Why not? ( this is not a graded assignment)