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8. Forty volunteer drivers are separated into two groups of 20 drivers each at random. The first group is asked to pay particular attention to braking smoothly when approaching a red light or stop sign. The second group is given no special instructions. All drivers report the gallons of gasoline used at the end of a month. • The mean for the first group is 43.16 gallons of gas. • The mean for the second group is 54.63 gallons of gas. • The difference in means for the two groups is -11.47 gallons of gas. The data for both groups are combined and redistributed at random into two groups of 20. The means for each redistributed group are calculated, and the difference in means is recorded. The differences are represented in the histogram. 20 T 18 16 14 12 10 -12-11-10-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 difference in mean gas usage (gallons) Which of these conclusions and justifications is the most reasonable?

8. Forty volunteer drivers are separated into two groups of 20 drivers each at random. The first group is asked to pay particular attention to braking smoothly when approaching a red light or stop sign. The second group is given no special instructions. All drivers report the gallons of gasoline used at the end of a month. • The mean for the first group is 43.16 gallons of gas. • The mean for the second group is 54.63 gallons of gas. • The difference in means for the two groups is -11.47 gallons of gas. The data for both groups are combined and redistributed at random into two groups of 20. The means for each redistributed group are calculated, and the difference in means is recorded. The differences are represented in the histogram. 20 T 18 16 14 12 10 -12-11-10-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 difference in mean gas usage (gallons) Which of these conclusions and justifications is the most reasonable?

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
18th Edition
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:Carter
Chapter10: Statistics
Section10.6: Summarizing Categorical Data
Problem 10CYU
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B. Forty volunteer drivers are separated into two groups of 20 drivers each at random. The first group is asked to pay particular attention to braking smoothly when approaching a red light or stop sign. The second group is given no special instructions. All drivers report the gallons of gasoline used at the end of a month. • The mean for the first group is 43.16 gallons of gas. • The mean for the second group is 54.63 gallons of gas. • The difference in means for the two groups is -11.47 gallons of gas. The data for both groups are combined and redistributed at random into two groups of 20. The means for each redistributed group are calculated, and the difference in means is recorded. The differences are represented in the histogram. 20 18 16 14 12 10 9. -12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 difference in mean gas usage (gallons) Which of these conclusions and justifications is the most reasonable? A The difference in means for the two treatment groups is likely due to the random assignment since the difference is negative. B. The difference in means for the two treatment groups is likely due to the random assignment since there is at least one value in the histogram with a greater absolute difference than 11.47 gallons of gas. C. -The randomization distribution does not give any evidence that the difference between the two treatment groups is due to the special instructions. D The randomization distribution provides strong evidence that the difference in means for the two treatment groups is due to the treatment because the difference is highly unlikely based on random assignment alone.
Transcribed Image Text:B. Forty volunteer drivers are separated into two groups of 20 drivers each at random. The first group is asked to pay particular attention to braking smoothly when approaching a red light or stop sign. The second group is given no special instructions. All drivers report the gallons of gasoline used at the end of a month. • The mean for the first group is 43.16 gallons of gas. • The mean for the second group is 54.63 gallons of gas. • The difference in means for the two groups is -11.47 gallons of gas. The data for both groups are combined and redistributed at random into two groups of 20. The means for each redistributed group are calculated, and the difference in means is recorded. The differences are represented in the histogram. 20 18 16 14 12 10 9. -12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 difference in mean gas usage (gallons) Which of these conclusions and justifications is the most reasonable? A The difference in means for the two treatment groups is likely due to the random assignment since the difference is negative. B. The difference in means for the two treatment groups is likely due to the random assignment since there is at least one value in the histogram with a greater absolute difference than 11.47 gallons of gas. C. -The randomization distribution does not give any evidence that the difference between the two treatment groups is due to the special instructions. D The randomization distribution provides strong evidence that the difference in means for the two treatment groups is due to the treatment because the difference is highly unlikely based on random assignment alone.
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