8. Which of the following gene mutations is most likely to affect correct protein production? The boxes are the exons and the lines are the introns in the gene a. b. Site 1 Site 2 Explain WHY. Site 3 a two base-pair deletion at Site 1 that removes two "G-C" nucleotide pairs from the gene sequence a single base-pair substitution at Site 2 that changes a tyrosine-encoding amino acid (TAC) to a stop codon (TAA) C. a single base-pair substitution at Site 3 that changes one alanine-encoding codon (GCC) to another (GCA) d. a single base-pair insertion at Site 4 that shifts the reading frame for subsequent codons Site 4

8. Which of the following gene mutations is most likely to affect correct protein production? The boxes are the exons and the lines are the introns in the gene a. b. Site 1 Site 2 Explain WHY. Site 3 a two base-pair deletion at Site 1 that removes two "G-C" nucleotide pairs from the gene sequence a single base-pair substitution at Site 2 that changes a tyrosine-encoding amino acid (TAC) to a stop codon (TAA) C. a single base-pair substitution at Site 3 that changes one alanine-encoding codon (GCC) to another (GCA) d. a single base-pair insertion at Site 4 that shifts the reading frame for subsequent codons Site 4

Name: 8. Which of the following gene mutations is most likely to affect cor
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Description: 8. Which of the following gene mutations is most likely to affect correct protein production? The boxes are the exonsand the lines are the introns in the genea.b.C.d.Site 1 Site 2Explain WHY.1+Site 3Site 4a two base-pair deletion at Site 1 that remo

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter15: From Dna To Protein

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYK

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1. Classify the type of mutation that have taken place: silent, missense and nonsense as a result of a single base substitution from UCG codon which codes for cysteine:a) AGC (ser): ________b) UGU (cys): ________c) GGC (gly): _______d) UGA (stop): _______e) UUC (phen): _______2. A single base addition and a single base deletion approximately 15 bases apart in the mRNA specifying the protein lysozyme from the bacterial virus T4 caused a change in the protein fromits wil-type composition….lys-ser-pro-ser-leu-asn-ala-ala-lys…..to the mutant form lys-val-his-his-leu-met-ala-alalys.a. Decipher the segment of mRNA for both the original protein and the double mutant.b. Which base was added? Which was deleted?3. Given is the 30 nucleotides in the human gene for hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells): 5’ TAC-CAC-GTG-GAC-TGA-GGA-CTC-CTC-TTC-AGA 3’a. What is the complementary strand?b. Deduce the mRNA in this coding region.c. What is the amino acid sequence based on this…
7. A segment of a DNA strand consists of ...GCTTAGACCTGA.... (a) Identify the expected nucleotide order in the complementary mRNA (b) Identify the sequence of amino acids coded for by this segment of DNA. (c) Describe the bond that forms during translation to link amino acids together. Identify the functional groups that react and the atoms involved.
1. If a mutation occurs in a coding region a. it will cause a change or changes in the normal (wild type) amino acid sequence. b. the protein may not form correctly and as a result does not perform the intended function. c. the type of mutation can be a missense mutation if there is some or limited protein function. d. the type of mutation can be a nonsense mutation if there is no protein function. e. all of the above 2. If a mutation occurs in a non-coding region: a. it will cause no change in the normal (wild type) amino acid sequence. b. the protein is unaffected and still functions correctly. c. the type of mutation is called a silent mutation. d. the protein may not form correctly and as a result does not perform the intended function. e. all of the above
5)Which type of nucleic acid would have the sequence "ACCGAUUG"? a)DNA b)mRNA c)Another type of nucleic acid d)More information is needed
1. Which of the following statements about mRNA is correct?a. Eukaryotic mRNA is generally polycistronic while prokaryotic mRNA is monocistronic.b. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA is polycistronic.c. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA is monocistronic.d. Eukaryotic mRNA is generally monocistronic while prokaryotic mRNA is polycistronic. 2. Which of the following statements about leading and lagging strand synthesis is correct?a. The lagging strand can only be synthesized once the leading strand has been completedb. Lagging strand is synthesized is continuously while leading strand is synthesized fragment by fragment.c. Leading strand is synthesized is continuously while lagging strand is synthesized fragment by fragment.d. Okazaki fragments are used to synthesize the leading and lagging strands of DNA. 3. An intron of a gene had a G to T mutation on the 3’ splice site. What will happento this intron?a. The intron will not be spliced out but will not be recognized in the ribosome…
1. Considering the following nucleotide sequence in an mRNA molecule: 5’ AUG UUA CGU AAU GCU GUC GAA UCU AUU UGC UUU ACA UAA 3' a) Write the sequence of the DNA template (antisense) strand from which the mRNA was synthesized. b) Write the sequence of the DNA coding (sense or informational) strand complementary to the template strand. c) Write the sequence of tRNA anticodon that corresponds to the given mRNA molecule. d) Write the amino acid sequence of the peptide synthesized from the given mRNA nucleotide sequence. e) Draw the structure of the pertide fragment made up of the first five (5) amino acids in the given polypeptide.
1. The poly A tail of an mRNA molecule was removed by a deadenylase enzyme before it is recognized by the ribosomes. What will happen to this mRNA? a. It will not be translated anymore and will be degraded. b. It will get stuck in the small ribosomes since it will be difficult to set the proper start site. c. The reading frame of translation will change. d.The mRNA will be bound by the ribosomes for translation. 2. Which of the following is true regarding these DNA repair mechanisms? a. Non-homologous end joining is less likely to produce mutations than homologous recombination. b. Errors during DNA synthesis that are not caught by the replication machinery can be corrected by mismatch repair. c. DNA damage from chemical reactions cannot be undone. d. Proofreading from DNA polymerase I reduces the error rate in DNA to about 1 in 100 nucleotides. 3. Which of the following enzymes involved in DNA replication correctly pairs with its function? a. Helicase seals gaps between DNA…
9)A scientist compares the sequence of a disease gene and a healthy gene and finds that these two genes are identical except for one G in place of a T at position 256 in the gene. This type of mutation is a(n): Select one: a. deletion b. insertion c. silent mutation d. frameshift e. substitution mutation
1. What would be the amino acid sequence encoded by the mRNA5' C C A U G A C G U C G G A U C A A U G A G C 3' 2. If the nucleotide bolded and underlined in red in part 1 changes from C to a G, what type of mutation would that be? 3. What would happen to the amino acid sequence if the C bolded in red in part 1 is changed to a G? 4. What would happen to the amino acid sequence if the C bolded in red is deleted?
4. If a DNA triplet is CGA A. What is the mRNA codon? B. What is the tRNA anticondon? C. What amino acid does the mRNA code for? 5. If 18% of the nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule are Guanine (G) A. What % of the bases are cytosine (A)? B. What % of the bases are adenine (A) and thymine (T) combined? C. What % of the bases are thymine alone?
3. The sequence of bases on an mRNA strand is AAUCGACGCCCGACUAGC. List the codons present in this sequence. 4. List the tRNA anticodons that would pair with the codons present in the above sequence of mRNA. 5. Determine the translated amino acid sequence obtained from the mRNA strand given in question 3. You may use the genetic code table to translate. 6. A tRNA anticodon has the base sequence CCG. Identify the DNA base sequence that was used to produce the codon that will bind it to this anticodon. 7. Explain how you would determine whether a single chain of nucleotides is RNA or DNA. 8. Describe all the elements required to carry out the process of translation. 9. Describe the importance of DNA in determining the structure of a particular protein.
2. What does an operon typically consist of? a. an operator, a promoter, and a cluster of genes b. a cluster of genes c. a promoter and a cluster of genes d. an operator and a cluster of genes e. a promoter and an operator