9. A cylinder is fitted with a moveable piston. A gas in the cylinder is heated up. If the pressure only increases slightly, what will happen to the volume of the cylinder? Why?
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
9. A cylinder is fitted with a moveable piston. A gas in the cylinder is heated up. If the pressure only increases slightly, what will happen to the volume of the cylinder? Why?
10. You go on a road trip to escape the cold winter days of Kirkland Lake, Ontario to the warm beaches of Moonbeam, Ontario. Since it is a long drive and you are leaving early in the morning, you make sure to check the tire pressure and make sure it is at the recommended level. At lunchtime, you stop for gas and decide to check your car's tire pressure again. You also notice that the tires seem to be a little bit larger than when you left. The driver's manual suggests a pressure between 205 and 220 kPa. Knowing that the tires heat up while driving; do you expect your reading to be high, low or the same as the recommended tire pressure? Why? Since you plan on staying in Moonbeam a while to see the sights, you think it would be best to adjust your tire pressure. What adjustments should be made to your tires? Should you make these adjustments as soon as you arrive, or the following day?
11. Think of a situation where pressure is constant but temperature changes. Discuss why this may seem to violate one of the
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