_3. It is a Non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance that occurs when twodominant alleles of a contrasting pair fully expressed at the same time in theheterozygous individual._4. It is a Non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance that occurs when thephenotype of the offspring is somewhere in between the phenotypes of bothparents.5. It is when more than 2 alleles control the inheritance of acharacter.

Non-Mendelian inheritance is any pattern of inheritance in which traits do not segregate in…

Answered: _3. It is a Non-Mendelian pattern of…

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Introduction To Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT: The young woman shown at right has albinismvery pale skin, white hair, and pale blue eyes. This...

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A heterozygous individual has a _______ for a trait being studied. a. pair of identical alleles b. pair of nonidentical alleles c. haploid condition, in genetic terms
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What if the couple wanted prenatal testing so that a normal fetus could be aborted?
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. What is the chance that this couple will have a child with two copies of the dominant mutant gene? What is the chance that the child will have normal height?
A couple was referred for genetic counseling because they wanted to know the chances of having a child with dwarfism. Both the man and the woman had achondroplasia (MIM 100800), the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism. The couple knew that this condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but they were unsure what kind of physical manifestations a child would have if it inherited both mutant alleles. They were each heterozygous for the FGFR3 (MIM 134934) allele that causes achondroplasia. Normally, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with growth factors outside the cell and receives signals that control growth and development. In achrodroplasia, a mutation alters the activity of the receptor, resulting in a characteristic form of dwarfism. Because both the normal and mutant forms of the FGFR3 protein act before birth, no treatment for achrondroplasia is available. The parents each carry one normal allele and one mutant allele of FGRF3, and they wanted information on their chances of having a homozygous child. The counsellor briefly reviewed the phenotypic features of individuals with achondroplasia. These include facial features (large head with prominent forehead; small, flat nasal bridge; and prominent jaw), very short stature, and shortening of the arms and legs. Physical examination and skeletal X-ray films are used to diagnose this condition. Final adult height is approximately 4 feet. Because achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, a heterozygote has a 1-in-2, or 50%, chance of passing this trait to his or her offspring. However, about 75% of those with achondroplasia have parents of average size who do not carry the mutant allele. In these cases, achondroplasia is due to a new mutation. In the couple being counseled, each individual is heterozygous, and they are at risk for having a homozygous child with two copies of the mutated gene. Infants with homozygous achondroplasia are either stillborn or die shortly after birth. The counselor recommended prenatal diagnosis via ultrasounds at various stages of development. In addition, a DNA test is available to detect the homozygous condition prenatally. Should the parents be concerned about the heterozygous condition as well as the homozygous mutant condition?
In Section 12.3, ''Laws of Inheritance," an example of epistasis was given for the summer squash. Cross white WAvYy heterozygotes to prove the phenotypic ratio of 12 white:3 yellow:l green that was given in the text.
1. A man and both his parents are affected with a disease. His older sister is unaffected. This man marries a woman who is also affected with this disease. Her father is affected, but her mother and younger brother are unaffected. Assume that this disease is caused by a single gene with two alleles with complete dominance. Draw the pedigree of the family above using the correct symbols and numbering. (3) What is the chance that the couple will produce an unaffected child? Please show your calculations
1-Gigantism is being traced in a family through a pedigree. Its mode of inheritance is thought to be autosomal recessive. You examine the pedigree and decide that the mode of inheritance is not correct. What is the correct mode of inheritance? 2-Provide 2 pieces of evidence for the mode of inheritance selected for Gigantism. (i.e.- Individual 45 is afflicted and passed it on to all of her offspring, indicating that it is dominant. Or there is a gendered pattern of inheritance seen when Individual 99 passed it on to only his female offspring.)
1) In pea plants, round seeds are dominant over wrinkled seeds. A Yellow seeded plant is crossed with a green seeded plant and the resulting cross produces 35 seeds. 12 of the seeds are yellow and 23 of the seeds are green. What are the genotypes of the parent plants? 2) In humans, blood type is inherited based on multiple alleles in which type A and type B are dominant to type O. A man who is type O, whose mother was type B, marries a woman who is type AB. What is the probability that they will produce a child that is type B? 3) In Guinea pigs black fur is dominant over white fur and smooth fur is dominant over rough fur. A heterozygous black, heterozygous smooth furred guinea pig mates with a white, heterozygous smooth furred guinea pig. Determine the phenotypic ratio for the predicted offspring from this crossing
1. In humans, normal pigmentation is due to a dominant gene A. Albinism is due to the recessive allele a. A man without albinism marries an albino woman and their first child is an albino. What are the genotypes of these 3 people? a. Mother:b. Father:c. Child: 2. In humans, achondroplasia “dwarfism” (D) is dominant over normal (d). A homozygous dominant (DD) person dies before the age of one. A heterozygous (Dd) person is dwarfed. A homozygous recessive individual is normal. A heterozygous dwarf man marries a heterozygous dwarf woman… a. What is the probability of having a normal child?b. What is the probability that the next child will also be normal?c. What is the probability of having a child that is a dwarf? Define the following terms:1. Autosome:2. Sex chromosome:3. Carrier:
1) By convention, the recessive trait will determine the abbreviation used to track crosses if it is a mutant condition, since it stands out in contrast to the rest of the population. For example, if pea pods are typically green in color, a mutant condition might result in yellow pea pods; therefore, the lowercase letter ‘y’ would be used to depict the mutant state, yellow, while uppercase ‘Y’ would depict the wildtype (wt) condition, green. Remember that the mutant condition is not necessarily always recessive. 1 A) . If green is dominant wt (Y) and yellow is a recessive mutant condition (y), depict a Yy father mated with a YY mother in the Punnett. 1B) Considering the dominant allele, what colors are the parents in the cross above? Yy = _____________________ YY = _____________________ 1C) What colors are the offspring in the cross above? 1D) What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? 1E) What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring? (Remember, the genotypic ratio is based…
A young couple went to see a genetic counselor because each had a sibling with cystic fibrosis. (Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease, and neither member of the couple nor any of their four parents is affected.) What is the probability that the female of this couple is a carrier? What are the chances that their child will have cystic fibrosis? 3. What is the probability that their child will be a carrier of the cystic fibrosis disease allele?
In the USA the frequency of carriers for the devastating autosomal recessive trait of procrastination is 1/10 people. You do not procrastinate and want to have a child with another highly efficient non-procrastinator. You are worried that you both might be carriers and that your child would be a procrastinator. What is the probability that you are a carrier, AND your mate is a carrier, AND your child is procrastinator?

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