A 30 year old man who has type I diabetes mellitus with a blood glucose of 340 mg. One hour after eating he administered a dose of short acting insulin. After treatment what is most likely increased in the liver? a. cAMP b. G6P activity c. PFK 1 d. phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase e. PKA
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| A 30 year old man who has type I diabetes mellitus with a blood glucose of 340 mg. One hour after eating he administered a dose of short acting insulin. After treatment what is most likely increased in the liver? |
| a. cAMP |
| b. G6P activity |
| c. PFK 1 |
| d. phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase |
| e. PKA |
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- Caffeine inhibits feeding activity in tobacco hornworm larvae by ________. a. Inhibiting phosphodiesterase (PDE). b. Increasing cAMP c. Both inhibiting phosphodiesterase (PDE) and increasing cAMPIt is noticed that when a strain of mice exercises, their blood glucose drops to very low levels. Which of the following can explain this situation? a) These mice do not make enough insulin b) these mice lack insulin receptors on their cells c)these mice lack glucagon d) these mice cannot synthesize glycogen from glucoseEpinephrine secretion: a) activates adenylate cyclase in liver and muscle cells. b) activates protein phosphatase 1 in liver and muscle cells. c) activates glycogen phosphorylase a in liver cells. d) inhibits glycogen phosphorylase in brain cells. e) inhibits glycogen phosphorylase b in muscle cells.
- (a) Predict the effect of a mutation that enhances the activity of the kinase associated with the PDH complex. (b) Predict the effect of a mutation that reduces the activity of the phosphatase associated with the PDH complex.Insulin therapy has all of the following effects, except:A. Increases concentration of free fatty acids in blood plasma B. Stimulates glucose uptake by tissuesC. Inhibits lipolysisD. Activates protein synthesisThis is a question assigned after reading the case study available here https://sciencecases.lib.buffalo.edu/files/statins.pdf HMG CoA reductase is activated by insulin signaling, and inhibited by glucagon signaling. Explain why insulin resistance and type II diabetes often are accompanied by elevated cholesterol levels.
- A researcher is curious whether 30 minutes of daily exercise can decrease the blood glucose levels back to normal in patients with type 2 diabetes. what would be the Control Group of this?Based on your understanding of the binding of insulin, select all of the following events that you would expect to occur in muscle cells due to insulin binding to receptors.Group of answer choices a. Glycogen synthesis is activated b. PFK is stabilized in the R-state and glycolysis is activated c. GLUT4 (transporters) are increased in concentration at the plasma membrane d. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate increased levels aid in stabilization of the T-state fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase e. Gluconeogenesis is activated in response to elevated fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels f. Phosphorylation cascades allow for covalent modifications that would aid in the breakdown of glycogen to allow for increased levels of glucose 6-phosphate in the cell g. Hexokinase is inhibited so glucose will not be brought into the cell in high amounts h. Glycogen breakdown pathway is inactivatedIf PFK is activated in the liver, which of the following statements would be false? a) There are high levels of fructose 2,6 bisphosphate b) PFK is in the R-state c) Glycolysis would be activated d) AMP levels are low e) Gluconeogenesis is inhibited in the liver
- Glucagon: a. Increases glucose transport to skeletal muscle cells b. Increases glycogen synthesis in liver cells c. Inhibits gluconeogenesis in liver d. Increases cellular cAMP level e. Inhibits glucose synthesis in hypoglycemiaWhich of the following are metabolic fight or flight responses? a. decreased glycolysis in the muscles b. decreased adrenalin : insulin c. increased gluconeogenesis in the liver d. increased glycogen synthesis in the liver e. increased insulin : glucagonWhen does inhibition of gluconeogenesis occurs?a. when the insulin level is lowb. during prolonged starvationc. when insulin level is highd. when the glucagon level is high