A 31-year-old female presents with fever, intermittent severe pain in the left upper quadrant of her abdomen, and painful lesions involving her fingers. History reveals that she had intermittent mild pain in the left upper quadrant of her abdomen over the last few months and reveals that she had acute rheumatic fever as a child. At the present time one of three blood cultures submitted to the hospital lab grows out a particular organism. What is the most likely causative agent? a. Streptococcus Pyogens. b. Streptococcus pneumonia. c. Staphylococcus epidermidis. d. Viridans streptococci.

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Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.