A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are crossed and produce an intermediate, medium-red F1. When the F1 plants are interbred, an F2 generation is produced in a ratio of 1 dark-red: 4 medium-darkred: 6 medium-red: 4 light-red: 1 white. Further crosses reveal that the dark-red and white F2 plants are true breeding. (a) Based on the ratios in the F2 population, how many genes are involved in the production of color? (b) How many additive alleles are needed to produce each possible phenotype? (c) Assign symbols to these alleles, and list possible genotypes that give rise to the medium-red and light-red phenotypes. (d) Predict the outcome of the F1 and F2 generations in a cross between a true-breeding medium-red plant and a white plant

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Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.