A garment company received three customized orders in a month. The first order is a repeat order. The second one requires a minor change of the previous design and the third order is a new order. The most appropriate basis of allocating design department cost is Order Value Number of Units Design hours
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A garment company received three customized orders in a month. The first order is a repeat order. The second one requires a minor change of the previous design and the third order is a new order. The most appropriate basis of allocating design department cost is
Order Value
Number of Units
Design hours
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- Anderson Company has the following departmental manufacturing structure for one of its products: After some study, the production manager of Anderson recommended the following revised cellular manufacturing approach: Required: 1. Calculate the total time it takes to produce a batch of 20 units using Andersons traditional departmental structure. 2. Using cellular manufacturing, how much time is saved producing the same batch of 20 units? Assuming the cell operates continuously, what is the production rate? Which process controls this production rate? 3. What if the processing times of molding, welding, and assembly are all reduced to six minutes each? What is the production rate now, and how long will it take to produce a batch of 20 units?Cardiff Inc. manufactures men’s sport shirts for large stores. It produces a single quality shirt in lots of a dozen according to each customer’s order and attaches the store’s label. The standard costs for a dozen shirts include the following: During October, Cardiff worked on three orders for shirts. Job cost records for the month disclose the following: The following information is also available: Cardiff purchased 95,000 yards of materials during October at a cost of $53,200. The materials price variance is recorded when goods are purchased, and all inventories are carried at standard cost. Direct labor incurred amounted to $112,750 during October. According to payroll records, production employees were paid $10.25 per hour. Overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor hours. Factory overhead totaling $22,800 was incurred during October. A total of $288,000 was budgeted for overhead for the year, based on estimated production at the plant’s normal capacity of 48,000 dozen shirts per year. Overhead is 60% fixed and 40% variable at this level of production. There was no work in process at October 1. During October, Lots 30 and 31 were completed, and all materials were issued for Lot 32, which was 80% completed as to labor and overhead. Required: Prepare a schedule computing the October total standard cost of Lots 30, 31, and 32. Prepare a schedule computing the materials price variance for October and indicate whether it is favorable or unfavorable. For each lot produced during October, prepare schedules computing the following (indicate whether favorable or unfavorable): Materials quantity variance in yards. Labor efficiency variance in hours. (Hint: Don’t forget the percentage of completion.) Labor rate variance in dollars. Prepare a schedule computing the total flexible-budget and production-volume overhead variances for October and indicate whether they are favorable or unfavorable. Give some reasons as to why the production-volume variance may be unfavorable and why it is important to correct the situation.Narwhal Swimwear has a beginning work in process inventory of 13,500 units and transferred in 130,000 units before ending the month with 14,000 units that were 100% complete with regard to materials and 30% complete with regard to conversion costs. The cost per unit of material is $5.80 and the cost per unit for conversion is $8.20 per unit. Using the weighted-average method, what is the amount of material and conversion costs assigned to the department for the month?
- Douglas Davis, controller for Marston, Inc., prepared the following budget for manufacturing costs at two different levels of activity for 20X1: During 20X1, Marston worked a total of 80,000 direct labor hours, used 250,000 machine hours, made 32,000 moves, and performed 120 batch inspections. The following actual costs were incurred: Marston applies overhead using rates based on direct labor hours, machine hours, number of moves, and number of batches. The second level of activity (the right column in the preceding table) is the practical level of activity (the available activity for resources acquired in advance of usage) and is used to compute predetermined overhead pool rates. Required: 1. Prepare a performance report for Marstons manufacturing costs in the current year. 2. Assume that one of the products produced by Marston is budgeted to use 10,000 direct labor hours, 15,000 machine hours, and 500 moves and will be produced in five batches. A total of 10,000 units will be produced during the year. Calculate the budgeted unit manufacturing cost. 3. One of Marstons managers said the following: Budgeting at the activity level makes a lot of sense. It really helps us manage costs better. But the previous budget really needs to provide more detailed information. For example, I know that the moving materials activity involves the use of forklifts and operators, and this information is lost when only the total cost of the activity for various levels of output is reported. We have four forklifts, each capable of providing 10,000 moves per year. We lease these forklifts for five years, at 10,000 per year. Furthermore, for our two shifts, we need up to eight operators if we run all four forklifts. Each operator is paid a salary of 30,000 per year. Also, I know that fuel costs about 0.25 per move. Assuming that these are the only three items, expand the detail of the flexible budget for moving materials to reveal the cost of these three resource items for 20,000 moves and 40,000 moves, respectively. Based on these comments, explain how this additional information can help Marston better manage its costs. (Especially consider how activity-based budgeting may provide useful information for non-value-added activities.)Firenza Company manufactures specialty tools to customer order. Budgeted overhead for the coming year is: Previously, Sanjay Bhatt, Firenza Companys controller, had applied overhead on the basis of machine hours. Expected machine hours for the coming year are 50,000. Sanjay has been reading about activity-based costing, and he wonders whether or not it might offer some advantages to his company. He decided that appropriate drivers for overhead activities are purchase orders for purchasing, number of setups for setup cost, engineering hours for engineering cost, and machine hours for other. Budgeted amounts for these drivers are 5,000 purchase orders, 500 setups, and 2,500 engineering hours. Sanjay has been asked to prepare bids for two jobs with the following information: The typical bid price includes a 40 percent markup over full manufacturing cost. Required: 1. Calculate a plantwide rate for Firenza Company based on machine hours. What is the bid price of each job using this rate? 2. Calculate activity rates for the four overhead activities. What is the bid price of each job using these rates? 3. Which bids are more accurate? Why?Jacson Company produces two brands of a popular pain medication: regular strength and extra strength. Regular strength is produced in tablet form, and extra strength is produced in capsule form. All direct materials needed for each batch are requisitioned at the start. The work orders for two batches of the products are shown below, along with some associated cost information: In the Mixing Department, conversion costs are applied on the basis of direct labor hours. Budgeted conversion costs for the department for the year were 60,000 for direct labor and 190,000 for overhead. Budgeted direct labor hours were 5,000. It takes one minute of labor time to mix the ingredients needed for a 100-unit bottle (for either product). In the Bottling Department, conversion costs are applied on the basis of machine hours. Budgeted conversion costs for the department for the year were 400,000. Budgeted machine hours were 20,000. It takes one-half minute of machine time to fill a bottle of 100 units. Required: 1. What are the conversion costs applied in the Mixing Department for each batch? The Bottling Department? 2. Calculate the cost per bottle for the regular and extra strength pain medications. 3. Prepare the journal entries that record the costs of the 12,000 regular strength batch as it moves through the various operations. 4. Suppose that the direct materials are requisitioned by each department as needed for a batch. For the 12,000 regular strength batch, direct materials are requisitioned for the Mixing and Bottling departments. Assume that the amount of cost is split evenly between the two departments. How will this change the journal entries made in Requirement 3?
- Dama Company produces womens blouses and uses the FIFO method to account for its manufacturing costs. The product Dama makes passes through two processes: Cutting and Sewing. During April, Damas controller prepared the following equivalent units schedule for the Cutting Department: Costs in beginning work in process were direct materials, 20,000; conversion costs, 80,000. Manufacturing costs incurred during April were direct materials, 240,000; conversion costs, 320,000. Required: 1. Prepare a physical flow schedule for April. 2. Compute the cost per equivalent unit for April. 3. Determine the cost of ending work in process and the cost of goods transferred out. 4. Prepare the journal entry that transfers the costs from Cutting to Sewing.The controller for Muir Companys Salem plant is analyzing overhead in order to determine appropriate drivers for use in flexible budgeting. She decided to concentrate on the past 12 months since that time period was one in which there was little important change in technology, product lines, and so on. Data on overhead costs, number of machine hours, number of setups, and number of purchase orders are in the following table. Required: 1. Calculate an overhead rate based on machine hours using the total overhead cost and total machine hours. (Round the overhead rate to the nearest cent and predicted overhead to the nearest dollar.) Use this rate to predict overhead for each of the 12 months. 2. Run a regression equation using only machine hours as the independent variable. Prepare a flexible budget for overhead for the 12 months using the results of this regression equation. (Round the intercept and x-coefficient to the nearest cent and predicted overhead to the nearest dollar.) Is this flexible budget better than the budget in Requirement 1? Why or why not?Potter Company has installed a JIT purchasing and manufacturing system and is using back-flush accounting for its cost flows. It currently uses a two-trigger approach with the purchase of materials as the first trigger point and the completion of goods as the second trigger point. During the month of June, Potter had the following transactions: 40,500 labor plus 222,750 overhead. There were no beginning or ending inventories. All goods produced were sold with a 60 percent markup. Any variance is closed to Cost of Goods Sold. (Variances are recognized monthly.) Required: Prepare the journal entries for the month of June using backflush costing, assuming that Potter uses the sale of goods as the second trigger point instead of the completion of goods.
- Using the same data found in Exercise 6.22, assume the company uses the FIFO method. Required: Prepare a schedule of equivalent units, and compute the unit cost for the month of December. Fordman Company has a product that passes through two processes: Grinding and Polishing. During December, the Grinding Department transferred 20,000 units to the Polishing Department. The cost of the units transferred into the second department was 40,000. Direct materials are added uniformly in the second process. Units are measured the same way in both departments. The second department (Polishing) had the following physical flow schedule for December: Costs in beginning work in process for the Polishing Department were direct materials, 5,000; conversion costs, 6,000; and transferred in, 8,000. Costs added during the month: direct materials, 32,000; conversion costs, 50,000; and transferred in, 40,000.Antolini Enterprises produces mens sports coats that are sold by popular department stores. Each retail order is treated as a job that accumulates materials, labor, and overhead costs for a batch of sports coats. Management has obtained data on the labor costs for four selected jobs over a six-month period. Each selected job represents a similar style and size of sports coat. The data are as follows: a. Determine the direct labor cost per unit for each job. b. Interpret the trend in per-unit labor cost. c. Determine the direct labor hours per sports coat. d. Interpret what may be happening with Job 192.Flaherty, Inc., has just completed its first year of operations. The unit costs on a normal costing basis are as follows: During the year, the company had the following activity: Actual fixed overhead was 12,000 less than budgeted fixed overhead. Budgeted variable overhead was 5,000 less than the actual variable overhead. The company used an expected actual activity level of 12,000 direct labor hours to compute the predetermined overhead rates. Any overhead variances are closed to Cost of Goods Sold. Required: 1. Compute the unit cost using (a) absorption costing and (b) variable costing. 2. Prepare an absorption-costing income statement. 3. Prepare a variable-costing income statement. 4. Reconcile the difference between the two income statements.