A group of neuroscientists conducted a study to determine if the neurotransmitter acetylcholine may be important for reference memory. A group of rats was selectively bred to exhibit high levels of acetylcholine while another group was bred for low levels of acetylcholine in the brain. Then the two groups of rats performance on a reference memory test was compared. Identify the appropriate test.
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- Students in QSO 510 are assigned to observe the effect of various types of music on relaxation mood in patients who are in the early and middle stages of Alzheimer's disease at a certain Nursing Home facility. A number of patients were selected to participate in the study based on their stages of Alzheimer's disease. Three forms of music were tested: R&B, Blues, and Reggae. While listening to music, relaxation levels were recorded for the patients with a high score indicating a higher level of relaxation. Scores are recorded below. Group Reggae Blues R&B Early Stage Alzheimer's 2124221820 9121059 2926302426 Middle Stage Alzheimer's 2220251820 141811913 1518201319 Use Excel’s ToolPak to compute Two-Way ANOVA and submit your statistical output. Are there any significant main effects or an interaction effect? Interpret your answer.A student researcher was surprised to learn that the 2017 NCAA Student-Athlete Substance Use Survey supported that college athletes make healthier decisions in many areas than their peers in the general student body. He collected data of his own, focusing exclusively on male student-athletes to see if such habits vary based on one’s sport. He asked 93 male student-athletes whether they had engaged in binge-drinking in the last month (> 5 drinks in a single sitting). A student researcher was surprised to learn that the 2017 NCAA Student-Athlete Substance Use Survey supported that college athletes make healthier decisions in many areas than their peers in the general student body. He collected data of his own, focusing exclusively on male student-athletes to see if such habits vary based on one’s sport. He asked 93 male student-athletes whether they had engaged in binge-drinking in the last month (> 5 drinks in a single sitting). Data are provided in the table below.…Which of the independent variables retains the strongest association with the number of children a respondent has when all other variables in the model are controlled? What is that association? Which has the weakest when other variables are controlled?
- A school psychologist is interested in whether going to nature school, where children spend their day outside working with nature, versus public school has an effect on children's empathy toward their peers. A national survey of public schools found that, on a scale from 1 to 10, the average empathy among all children in public schools was 5 (u = 5.00). The school psychologist randomly selects 4 children from a nature school, measures their empathy toward their peers, and obtains the following scores: 10, 9, 10, 7 Using the appropriate hypothesis test and the six steps of hypothesis testing, see what the school psychologist should conclude about the difference in empathy between children who attend nature school versus children who attend public school. 1. What is the appropriate test to use ? 2. List the test's assumptions You do NOT have to test the assumptions. 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses ? 4. Construct a sampling distribution of means representing the null…A school psychologist is interested in whether going to nature school, where children spend their day outside working with nature, versus public school has an effect on children's empathy toward their peers. A national survey of public schools found that, on a scale from 1 to 10, the average empathy among all children in public schools was 5 (u = 5.00). The school psychologist randomly selects 4 children from a nature school, measures their empathy toward their peers, and obtains the following scores: 10, 9, 10, 7 Using the appropriate hypothesis test and the six steps of hypothesis testing, see what the school psychologist should conclude about the difference in empathy between children who attend nature school versus children who attend public school. 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses ? 4. Construct a sampling distribution of means representing the null hypothesis. Specify the sampling distribution's mean and standard error 5. Using a two-tailed alpha of .05 (a=0.5)…A school psychologist is interested in whether going to nature school, where children spend their day outside working with nature, versus public school has an effect on children's empathy toward their peers. A national survey of public schools found that, on a scale from 1 to 10, the average empathy among all children in public schools was 5 (u = 5.00). The school psychologist randomly selects 4 children from a nature school, measures their empathy toward their peers, and obtains the following scores: 10, 9, 10, 7 Using the appropriate hypothesis test and the six steps of hypothesis testing, see what the school psychologist should conclude about the difference in empathy between children who attend nature school versus children who attend public school. 1. What is the appropriate test to use? 2. List the test's assumptions You do NOT have to test the assumptions. 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses? 4. Construct a sampling distribution of means representing the null…
- An agriculturalist on a farm conducted a study to investigate whether ladybugs are effective in reducing damage caused by moths to the fruit of avocado trees. The agriculturalist randomly sampled 66 avocado trees from the farm and paired them based on size. One tree from each pair was randomly assigned to a greenhouse with ladybugs, and the other tree in the pair was assigned to a greenhouse without ladybugs. After one month, the number of damaged avocado fruit on each tree was recorded. All other variables were held constant over the one month period. The difference in the number of damaged avocado fruit per tree pair (without ladybugs minus with ladybugs) was calculated for each of the 33 pairs and is shown in the stemplot. Consider a scenario in which 5 tree pairs are randomly selected one at a time, with replacement, from the sample of 33 tree pairs. Let the random variable T represent the number of tree pairs out of the 5 selected with a positive difference in number of damaged…A clinical psychologist is interested in comparing the effectiveness of short term relaxation and cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating mild depression. An experiment is conducted in which 15 patients with mild depression are randomly selected and assigned 5 each to a relaxation therapy group, a cognitive/behavioral therapy group, and an attention placebo group. Therapy is administered until the patient is judged no longer depressed or until 10 treatment sessions have elapsed. The following data is obtained. Scores are the number of sessions for each patient. Cognitive/Behavioral Therapy Relaxation Therapy Attention-PlaceboGroup 56647 68 797 5 8 9 7 6 Using a = 0.05, Fcrit = _________.In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers1 = 3.05 2 = 2.92σ1 = 0.71 σ2 = 0.71n1 = 100 n2 = 227At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.
- An automobile dealer conducted a test to determine if the time in minutes needed to complete a minor engine tune-up depends on whether a computerized engine analyzer or an electronic analyzer is used. Because tune-up time varies among compact, intermediate, and full-sized cars, the three types of cars were used as blocks in the experiment. The data obtained follow. Analyzer Computerized Electronic Car Compact 52 43 Intermediate 55 44 Full sized 61 45 Use ? = 0.05 to test for any significant differences. State the null and alternative hypotheses. H0: ?Compact ≠ ?Intermediate ≠ ?Full-sizedHa: ?Compact = ?Intermediate = ?Full-sized H0: ?Compact = ?Intermediate = ?Full-sizedHa: ?Compact ≠ ?Intermediate ≠ ?Full-sized H0: ?Computerized = ?Electronic = ?Compact = ?Intermediate = ?Full-sizedHa: Not all the population means are equal. H0: ?Computerized ≠ ?ElectronicHa: ?Computerized = ?Electronic H0: ?Computerized = ?ElectronicHa: ?Computerized ≠ ?Electronic Find the…Do well-rounded people get fewer colds? A study on the Chronicle of Higher Education was conducted by scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia. They found that people who have only a few social outlets get more colds than those who are involved in a variety of social activities. Suppose that of the 276 healthy men and women tested, n1=96 had only a few social outlets and n2=105 were busy with six or more activities. When these people were exposed to a cold virus, the following results were observed: Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference in the two population proportions.An agriculturalist on a farm conducted a study to investigate whether ladybugs are effective in reducing damagecause by moths to the fruit of avocado trees. The agriculturalist randomly sampled 66 avocado trees from the farmand paired them based on size. One tree from each pair was randomly assigned to a greenhouse with ladybugs, andthe other tree in the pair was assigned to a green house without ladybugs. After one month, the number of damagedavocado fruit on each tree was recorded. All other variables were held constant over the one-month period. Thedifference in the number of damaged avocado fruit per tree pair (without ladybugs minus with ladybugs) wascalculated for each of the 33 pairs and is shown in the stem plot below. Difference in Number of Damaged Avocado Fruit Per Avocado Tree Pair-3 0 5 8 9-2 3 7 7 8-1 1 3 4-0 90 0 0 5 8 91 0 2 7 92 6 63 2 2 4 44 2 3 4 55 0 2 Key: = 52 Damaged Avocado Fruit a) Explain what a positive difference indicates in the context of the study. b)…