(a) Show that the formula (VæR(g(x), x) = Vx3yR(y,x)) is universally valid, where g is a 1-place function symbol and R is a 2-place relation symbol. (b) Prove that Ex=y= (f(x,y, x) = f(y,x, y)) where f is a 3-place function symbol.

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A: First option is true by definition only.

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