(a) Sketch the occupied MOs of the valence shell for the N2 molecule. Label the orbitals as o or ™ orbitals, and specify which are bonding and which are antibonding. (b) If one electron is removed from the highest occupied orbital of N2, will the equilibrium N-N distance become longer or shorter? Explain briefly.
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- The sulfate ion can be represented with four S—O bonds orwith two S—O and two S=O bonds. (a) Which representation is better from the stand point of formal charges? (b) What is theshape of the sulfate ion, and what hybrid orbitals of S are postu-lated for the σ bonding? (c) In view of the answer to part (b),what orbitals of S must be used for the π bonds? What orbitalsof O? (d) Draw a diagram to show how one atomic orbital fromS and one from O overlap to form a π bond.The azide ion ( N3-) is a weakly bound molecular ion. Formulate its MO structure for localized s bonds and delocalized p bonds. Do you expect N3 and N3+o be bound as well? Which of the three species do you expect to beparamagnetic?The sulfate ion can be represented with four S-O bonds or with two S-O and two So=O bonds.(a) Which representation is better from the standpoint of formal charges?(b) What is the shape of the sulfate ion, and what hybrid orbitals of S are postulated for the σ bonding?(c) In view of the answer to part (b), what orbitals of S must be used for the π bonds? What orbitals of O?(d) Draw a diagram to show how one atomic orbital from S and one from O overlap to form a π bond.
- Is the electron density consistentwith equal contributions from the tworesonance structures for O3? Explain.Give the Lewis-structure of a molecule containingboth a σp-p and a πp-p overlap of orbitals. Thenindicate the σ- en π-bonds in the molecule.The following is part of a molecular orbital energy-level diagramfor MOs constructed from 1s atomic orbitals. (a) What labels do we use for the two MOs shown? (b) Forwhich of the following molecules or ions could this be theenergy-level diagram:H2, He2, H2+, He2+, or H2-?(c) What is the bond order of the molecule or ion? (d) If anelectron is added to the system, into which of the MOs will itbe added? [
- The molecular ion HeH+ has an equilibrium bond length of 0.774 Å. Draw an electron correlation diagram for this ion, indicating the occupied MOs. Is HeH+ paramagnetic? When HeH+ dissociates, is a lower energy state reached by forming He+H+ or He++H ?Explain the following observations:The interhalogen ICl3 is known, but BrCl3 is not.What is the hybridization of As in AsCl3?
- What is the orientation of the two unhybridized p orbitals on Be with respect to thetwo Be¬F bonds?The wavelength at which the O2 molecule most stronglyabsorbs light is approximately 145 nm. (a) In which regionof the electromagnetic spectrum does this light fall?(b) Would a photon whose wavelength is 145 nm haveenough energy to photodissociate O2 whose bond energy is495 kJ/mol? Would it have enough energy to photoionize O2?Indicate FALSE and TRUE statements. Explain briefly your each answer. ………Bond energy of N2 is larger than that of O2. ……… 24Cr and 29Cu have the electron configurations 3d44s2 and 3d94s2. ………The symmetry species for doubly and triply degenerate representations are designated as A and B. ………NCl5 is a stable molecule but PCl5 is not stable. ………The point group of GeCl4 is Oh. ………The ionization energies of the group II A metals are in the order Ba>Sr>Ca>Mg. ………The radius increases as nuclear charge increases for ions with the same electronic structure such as O2-, F-, Na+, Mg2+.