A space vehicle of internal volume 3.0 m3 is struck by a meteor and a hole of radius 0.10 mm is formed. If the oxygen pressure within the vehicle is initially 80 kPa and its temperature 298K, how long will it take for the pressure to fall to 70 kPa?

Q: The maximum in the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution occurs when df(v)/dv = 0. Find, by…

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Q: A Knudsen cell was used to determine the vapour pressure of germanium at 1000 °C. During an interval…

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Q: Discuss the implication for phase stability of the variation of chemical potential with temperature…

A: SOLUTION: Step 1: The Gibbs Free energy can be written as  dG = Vdp -SdT with variation with…

Q: At room temperature, the equilibrium mole fraction of vacancies in a crystal is 10-12. Now the…

A: Chemical potential is defined as the change in energy of the system upon addition or removal of a…

Q: The cohesive energy density, U, is defined as U/V, where U is the mean potential energy of…

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Q: A solid compound of molar mass 200 g mol−1 was introduced into a container and heated to 300 °C.…

A: The relation between the vapor pressure of the compound and the rate of escape is as follows,…

Q: The size of the ionic atmosphere, called the Debye radius, is 1/K, where k is given by e2 NA 1/2…

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Q: Arrange the gases CO, N2 and CH4 in increasing order of adsorption on the surface of charcoal in a…

A: Adsorption is a surface phenomenon in which a solid substance holds other substance that can be…

Q: A polynomial fit to measurements of the total volume of a binary mixture of A and B isv = 778.55 −…

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Q: Consider a free Fermi gas in two dimensions, confined to a squarearea A = L2. Show that in the…

A: As the density of gas could constant, the behavior of the chemical potential will be similar to that…

Q: In the following balanced reaction: 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3(s) + 3H2(g) 2.32 g of Al react…

A: Given: The temperature of H2 gas, (T) = 25oC = (25 + 273) = 298 K. The molar mass of Hydrogen atom =…

Q: On the assumption that the tension, t, required to keep a sample at a constant length is…

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Q: Use the virial equation of state to calculate the pressure exerted by 1.00 mol CH4, at 273 K…

A: GIVEN: Vm=1.00 cm3 =0.001 Litre R=0.082057 L atm K-1mol-1 T=273K n=1 mol CH4  B2(T)=-53.6 cm3…

Q: The mobility of a chloride ion in aqueous solution at 25 °C is 7.91 × 10−8 m2 s−1 V−1. Calculate the…

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Q: 19.7 cm3 of a pure vapour, at 1.092 atm, and 99.0 °C has a mass of 0.0466g. Calculate the molar mass…

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Q: 3. Calculate the collision frequency, z, and the collision density, Zaa, in H;S (d = 360 pm) at 75 C…

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Q: Suppose that on another planet the atmosphere consists of17% Kr, 38% CH4, and 45% O2. What is the…

A: Given information: Composition of Kr = 17 % Composition of methane = 38% Composition of O2 = 45%

Q: The purification of hydrogen gas is possible by diffusion through a thin palladium sheet. Calculate…

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Q: Calculate the end-to-end distance of a polymer with a molecular weight of 1 million and an intrinsic…

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Q: A one-dimensional polymer chain consists of 700 segments, each 0.90 nm long. If the chain were…

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Q: A container of internal volume 22.0 m3 was punctured, and a hole of radius 0.050 mm was formed. If…

A: Given data contains, The internal volume of the container = 22.0 m3 The temperature = 293 K The…

Q: In the following balanced reaction: 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3(s) + 3H2(g) 2.32 g of Al react with…

A: Answer :-  V = 3.35 (L) Volume of hydrogen gas produced by the reaction of 2.32 g of aluminum metal…

Q: solid compound of molar mass 100 g mol−1 was introduced into a container and heated to 400 °C. When…

A: Given: Mass loss = 285 mg = 2.85 X 10-4 Kg                                                 (since 1…

Q: Use the Michaelis–Menten equation (eqn 17F.16) to generate two families of curves showing the…

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Q: Describe the physical origins of linewidths in the absorption and emission spectra of gases. liqu…

A: Spectral line arises from the emission or absorption of light. It is used to identify atoms or…

Q: The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1 nTorr. At 25°C and assuming that…

A: Given temperature. T = 25 oC + 273.15  = 298.15 K  Molar mass of N2 molecule, M = 28.013 g.mol-1 *…

Q: A space vehicle of internal volume 3.0 m3 is struck by a meteor and a hole of radius 0.10 mm is…

A: The time required to decrease the pressure is determined by the relation shown below.…

Q: Why the oscillating plots in the CO2 isotherm at temperature below Tc are considered to violate…

A: According to Boyle' law pressure is inversely proportional to the volume   this means as as pressure…

Q: The size of the ionic atmosphere, called the Debye radius, is 1/K, where k is given by e2NA 1/2 K =…

A: To calculate debye radius ( 1/k) , we would use given formula and given data values to first…

Q: An effusion cell has a circular hole of diameter 2.50 mm. If the molar mass of the solid in the cell…

A: In this question, we have given effusion cell which has a circular hole. We have to determine the…

Q: An effusion cell has a circular hole of diameter 3.00 mm. If the molar mass of the solid in the cell…

A: The formula to calculate the vapor pressure of the solid is, P=mAt×2πRTM12 The mass of the solid is…

Q: In an experiment to determine the surface tension of methanol (ρ = 791 kg m-3 at 298 K) it was found…

A: In order to find the surface tension of the liquid we first write down the given data: Density of…

Q: What mass of H2 gas can be collected over water from a 250-mL flask at a temperature of 25ºC and a…

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Q: A 10.0 mL sample of CO2 is collected by the downward displacement of water at 23.0°C and a room…

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Q: Determine the molar density, in mol/dm3, of liquid butyraldehyde at 201.5 K.

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Q: Explain why [1,3] sigmatropic migrations of hydrogen cannot occur under thermal conditions, but…

A: In a sigmatropic reaction “ one new sigma-bond is formed as another breaks.” In [1, 3] sigmatropic…

Q: 2. (a) Explain what is meant by the glass transition temperature Tg of a polymer and briefly…

A: Glass transition temperature, a temperature where polymers change from glassy state to rubbery…

Q: 6. What is the pressure/temperature ratio of 100. moļecules in 10. nm at 300. K?

A: Given:  Number of molecules N = 100 Volume = 10nm3 T = 300 K

Q: Explain the significance of the Clapeyron equation and of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

A: Significance of Clapeyron equation and of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation has to be given,

Kinetic-Theory of Gases

Kinetic theory of gases is the model or method which was developed in the 19th century by Maxwell and Boltzmann. This is possible as the interatomic force which is of short-range forces that are important for solids and liquids can be neglected for gases. This theory or gas law gives a molecular interpretation of the pressure and temperature of a gas and is consistent with gas laws and Avogadro’s hypothesis. This theory is very helpful to correctly explain the specific heat capacities of many gases, kinetic energy and it also explains the transport qualities such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and diffusion with molecular parameters. As stated in the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a substance or gas particle is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles of that substance. When a substance is heated, some of the absorbed energy is stored within the particles, while some of the energy increases the motion of the particles, called average kinetic energy.