A study (Journal of Family Practice 2000; 50:138-144) with 233 low-income adult smokers evaluated the effectiveness of usual care (physician advice and follow-up) for smokers wishing to quit to the usual care enhanced by computer-assisted telephone counseling sessions. Each subject was assigned randomly either to the usual care or to the usual care plus counseling, and their smoking status (still smoking or quit smoking) was observed after 3 months. The percentage who had quit smoking was higher for the group receiving counseling. (a) Identify the response variable and the explanatory variable. Response: ---Select--- type of care income level quit smoking or not time until quit smoking Explanatory: ---Select--- type of care income level quit smoking or not time until quit smoking (b) Is this study an observational study or an experiment? Explain. Observational study. Smokers were not randomly assigned to care groups. Observational study. Smokers were randomly assigned to care groups. Experiment. Smokers were randomly assigned to care groups. Experiment. Smokers were not randomly assigned to care groups. (c) How does the design of this study take into account potential lurking variables? By randomly assigning subjects to the treatment groups. By taking a large sample (n = 233). By monitoring the subjects for a long period (3 months). By assigning subjects to receive both treatments.

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012

1st Edition

ISBN:9780547587776

Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8CR

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A study (Journal of Family Practice 2000; 50:138-144) with 233 low-income adult smokers evaluated the effectiveness of usual care (physician advice and follow-up) for smokers wishing to quit to the usual care enhanced by computer-assisted telephone counseling sessions. Each subject was assigned randomly either to the usual care or to the usual care plus counseling, and their smoking status (still smoking or quit smoking) was observed after 3 months. The percentage who had quit smoking was higher for the group receiving counseling.

(a) Identify the response variable and the explanatory variable.

Response:

---Select--- type of care

income level

quit smoking or not

time until quit smoking

Explanatory:

---Select--- type of care

income level

quit smoking or not

time until quit smoking

(b) Is this study an observational study or an experiment? Explain.

Observational study. Smokers were not randomly assigned to care groups.

Observational study. Smokers were randomly assigned to care groups.

Experiment. Smokers were randomly assigned to care groups.

Experiment. Smokers were not randomly assigned to care groups.

By randomly assigning subjects to the treatment groups.

By taking a large sample (n = 233).

By monitoring the subjects for a long period (3 months).

By assigning subjects to receive both treatments.

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