A study was conducted to investigate the interactions between California sheephead, macroalgae, and urchins. The output path diagram of the study is given below: kelp stipe density sheephead biomass urchin density fleshy algal cover
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(P7) Helping tags: Statistics, Analysis of Relationships Among Variables, Measures of Association, Simple and Multiple Linear
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WILL UPVOTE, just pls help me answer the following questions in the attached image. Pls show complete solutions and explain them. Thank you!
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- A sociologist recorded the number of contacts entered in a cell phone and the number of texts sent in a week for 20 cell phone users. The resulting data were used to conduct a hypothesis test to investigate whether there is a linear relationship between the number of contacts and the number of texts sent. What are the correct hypotheses for the test? H0:β1=0Ha:β1≠0H0:β1=0Ha:β1≠0 A H0:β1=0Ha:β1>0H0:β1=0Ha:β1>0 B H0:β1=0Ha:β1<0H0:β1=0Ha:β1<0 C H0:β1≠0Ha:β1=0H0:β1≠0Ha:β1=0 D H0:b1=0Ha:b1≠0 EIn a test of the hypothesis that females smile at others more than males do, females and males were videotaped while interacting and the number of smiles emitted by each sex was noted. Using the following information regarding number of smiles in the five-minute interaction, examine whether there are sex differences in the number of smiles. Males Females N1 = 5 N2 = 5 X1 = 7.6 X2 = 15.2 S12 = 17.04 S22 = 8.96 Which is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable? What is your research hypothesis? What is your null hypothesis? Which test should you use (Two Sample Independent t, ANOVA, Chi-square, or correlation )? Calculate the test statistic. interpret whether you have statistically significant results when α = .05. State whether the null hypothesis is rejected. Include critical region. Provide an overall sentence about the…Suppose a researcher is interested in investigating the effectiveness of a new medication aimed to treat HIV. The following table represents the CD4 cell count for a SRS of individuals treated with the new medication. Patient CD4 Patient CD4 Patient CD4 Count(cells/mm3) Count(cells/mm3) Count(cells/mm3) A 298 G 311 M 312 B 306 H 304 N 296 C 278 I 275 O 347 D 304 J 291 P 367 E 315 K 286 Q 275 F 320 L 333 R 281 Assuming the researchers hypothesized that the new medication would increase to at least 400 cells/mm , use your CI to answer the question as to whether or not the researchers met their goal.
- Suppose a researcher is interested in investigating the effectiveness of a new medication aimed to treat HIV. The following table represents the CD4 cell count for a SRS of individuals treated with the new medication. Patient CD4 Patient CD4 Patient CD4 Count(cells/mm3) Count(cells/mm3) Count(cells/mm3) A 298 G 311 M 312 B 306 H 304 N 296 C 278 I 275 O 347 D 304 J 291 P 367 E 315 K 286 Q 275 F 320 L 333 R 281 A) Calculate the 95% CI for the average CD4 count in the population treated with the new medication, assuming that we can approximate with a normal distribution. Use a population standard deviation of 24.Consider these tables of cell means. Which one shows a possible interaction, and which one does not show any evidence of an interaction? Table 1 B1 B2 A1 10 15 A2 20 25 Table 2 B1 B2 A1 10 25 A2 18 18Exercise 13-4 (LO13-2) The production department of Celltronics International wants to explore the relationship between the number of employees who assemble a subassembly and the number produced. As an experiment, two employees were assigned to assemble the subassemblies. They produced 15 during a one-hour period. Then four employees assembled them. They produced 25 during a one-hour period. The complete set of paired observations follows. Number ofAssemblers One-HourProduction (units) 2 15 4 25 1 10 5 40 3 30 The dependent variable is production; that is, it is assumed that different levels of production result from a different number of employees. Draw a scatter diagram. Please state exact coordinates Based on the scatter diagram, does there appear to be any relationship between the number of assemblers and production? Compute the coefficient correlation. (Negative values should be…
- What effects appear to be present for this factorial design? B1 B2 A1 10 5 A2 10 15 Main effect for A; No main effect for B; No AxB interaction Main effect for A; Main effect for B; AxB interaction Main effect for A; No main effect for B; AxB interaction No main effect for A; Main effect for B; AxB interaction1. A fruit juice producer conducted a study at a large supermarket to determine the possible influence of different package designs on the sales volume of their one-liter cartons of pure apple juice. The apple juice was sold in pyramid-shaped cartons for the first eight weeks, after which the same product packaged in barrel-shaped cartons was sold for a further eight weeks. Weekly sales (in cases) were recorded over each eightweek period. Pyramid 27 16 25 32 20 22 26 22 Barrel 25 28 34 28 22 35 18 29 Assume weekly sales are normally distributed for each carton design and that population variances are equal. If the marketer’s decision is to choose the package design that is likely to lead to large national sales, on average, should they use the barrel-shaped carton design? Conduct a hypothesis test at the 1% level of significance to determine if the mean weekly sales of pure apple juice in the barrel-shaped carton design are greater than the mean weekly sales in the pyramid-shaped…A researcher is interested in testing the relationship between smoking and BMI (kg/m2) in adults aged 30-45. In order to test this association, the researcher divides smoking into currently more than a pack a day, currently less than a pack a day, and never smokers. The following table represents the BMIs for each participant enrolled by their respective smoking category. Current Smoker (≥1pack/day) Current Smoker (<1 pack/day Never Smoked 26.7 29.4 22.1 29.4 28.6 30.4 24.3 27.4 21.3 28.4 23.2 26.4 21.6 20.1 19.7 27.4 20.6 19.8 26.8 19.7 21.6 36.4 19.6 22.3 31.5 21.6 24.3 27.4 21.5 *Continue as though all assumptions for ANOVA are met. A) Calculate the MSW and MSB for the data represented above. B) Carry out a formal test for a one-way analysis of variance among the groups and interpret your results.
- Economists, Angrist and Lavy (1999) exploited an 800 year-old rule regarding classroom size to estimate the causal effect of smaller classes on student achievement. The rule, made famous by 12th century scholar Maimonides, states that one teacher is sufficient to manage a class with up to 40 students. Classes with more than 40 students will require 2 teachers. Angrist and Lavy noticed that strict application of this rule in certain areas meant that if 80 students were enrolled in a school, then the school would divide them up into two groups of 40 students per teacher. If 81 students were enrolled, however, they would be placed in three classes of 27 students each. The rule thus generated sharp discontinuities in class sizes within schools, which, the authors argue, allow them to provide causal evidence of a boost in fifth grade math and reading scores as a result of smaller class size. a. What research design is implied by the authors’ use of Maimonides’ rule to estimate the causal…Which of the following is true about interaction effects? a.They explain information that is additional to each individual fixed effect. b.They occur when a confounding factor contaminates an experimental factor. c.All of these are true d.They are additive effects between two or more independent variables e.They are additive effects between two or more independent variables, and they explain information that is additional to each individual effectA group of 11 students was selected at random and asked for their high school GPA and their freshmen GPA in college the subsequent year. The results were: Student High School GPA Freshmen GPA 1 2.0 1.6 2 2.2 2.0 3 2.6 1.8 4 2.7 2.8 5 2.8 2.1 6 3.1 2.0 7 2.9 2.6 8 3.2 2.2 9 3.3 2.6 10 3.6 3.0 We would like to know whether there is a linear relationship between the high school GPA and the college freshmen GPA, and we would like to be able to predict the freshmen GPA, if we know that the high school GPA of another student is, say, 3.4. Provide the two requested scatter plots for this data (put college freshman GPA on the Y (vertical) axis!). a) What would be your approximate 95% prediction interval for question (g)? b) Show your scatterplot with the predicted trend line below