A study was to be undertaken to determine if a particular training program would improve physical fitness. An SRS of 31 university students was selected to be enrolled in the fitness program. One important measure of fitness is maximum oxygen uptake. Measurements of oxygen uptake in untrained individuals are known to follow a Normal distribution with a mean of μ = 45 ml/kg/min. The researchers wished to determine if there was evidence that their sample of students differed from the general population of untrained subjects. The measurements made on the subjects coming into this study produced a mean of x = 47.4 with a standard deviation of s = 5.3. What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis in this situation? Ha: x > 45 Ha: μ < 45 Ha: μ ≠ 45 Ha: x ≠ 45 Ha: μ > 45

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.