A surveying student had recorded the following after repeated pacing: First distance = 85.00 meters No. of paces: 100.30 99.40 101.30 102.00 103.20 99.90 99.50 101.00 102.50 100.00 a. Determine the pace factor of the surveyor. b. Determine the second distance if the no. of paces are: 345.00 340.00 346.00 343.70 345.50 348.10 345.50 346.10 347.00 347.20

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Methods of Surveying

Surveying is the practice to determine the relative three-dimensional positions of various points on the earth’s surface. This is done by computing the vertical and horizontal distances, angles between the points, collecting the observations, and plotting them on a map of any appropriate scale. Accuracy can be achieved by using the latest instruments like a theodolite, tachometer, etc. Leveling is a subdivision of surveying where the objective is to locate the elevation of objects considering a datum level.