A swimming pool reactor produces a flux of 3x1016 thermal neutrons m-2 s-1 at 1 m from the reactor center. Assuming a parallel beam of neutrons diffusing up to the surface of the pool where the neutron flux is measured to be 108 m -2 s-1. Calculate the thickness ( x m) of the water layer required. For thermal neutrons the flux is reduced exponentially with the experiment x L-1 where L is the diffusion length ( 2.75 cm in H2O).

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Rutherford's scattering experiment

Rutherford’s scattering experiment is also known as the gold foil experiment. This experiment disproved the plum pudding model of J.J. Thomson. In a gold foil experiment, high-energy alpha particles are made to strike a thin gold foil. The scattered alpha particles are detected using a detector. This experiment showed that the positive charge of the atom is at the center. Most of the atom’s mass is also confined to a small volume at the center. This region is known as the nucleus of the atom.